Showing papers in "Nutrition Research in 2013"

TL;DR: Findings provide evidence for the anti-diabetic activity of pomegranate fruit; however, before pomergranate or any of its extracts can be medically recommended for the management of type 2 diabetes, controlled, clinical studies, are needed.

TL;DR: Yogurt is a good source of several micronutrients and may help to improve diet quality and maintain metabolic well-being as part of a healthy, energy-balanced dietary pattern.

TL;DR: A principal focus of this review will be to discuss the meat-related components, such as proteins in the meat, heme, N-nitroso compounds, and heterocyclic amines, and the effects they have upon the large intestine mucosa and the intestinal gut microbiota.

TL;DR: A role for a PUFA¹:¹ diet in the prevention of obesity and related metabolic disorders is highlighted by suppressing the activation of TLR4, a critical modulator of pro-inflammatory cytokines.

TL;DR: Results confirm the biological and functional activity of biotechnologically synthesized human milk oligosaccharides and could be used in the future to supplement infant formula ingredients or as preventatives to reduce the impact of infectious diseases.

TL;DR: This study is the first to generate gender-specific and pathologically relevant cut-off values for VFA in patients with gastrointestinal cancer, of paramount importance for determining the accurate pathological obesity status of cancer patients.

TL;DR: Flaxseed intake decreased glucose and insulin and improved insulin sensitivity as part of a habitual diet in overweight or obese individuals with pre-diabetes.

TL;DR: Results indicate that the aqueous extracts of Brazilian L edodes and P sajor-caju mushrooms are potential sources of antioxidant and anticancer compounds, however, further investigations are needed to exploit their valuable therapeutic uses and to elucidate their modes of action.

TL;DR: A potential positive association of SFA with high-sensitivity C-reactive protein but not with adipokines is suggested, which should be confirmed by future research.

TL;DR: The hypothesis that green tea supplementation will upregulate antioxidant parameters (enzymatic and nonenzymatics) in adults with the metabolic syndrome is supported and green tea extract may provide antioxidant protection in the metabolic Syndrome.

TL;DR: One portion of blueberries seems sufficient to improve cell antioxidant defense against DNA damage, but further studies are necessary to understand their role on vascular function.

TL;DR: Dietary CBE lowered total cholesterol and improved plasma and hepatic antioxidant function at nutritionally-relevant doses in apolipoprotein E knockout mice, and the CBE cholesterol-lowering mechanism in apoE(-/-) mice was independent of hepatic expression of genes involved in cholesterol metabolism.

TL;DR: Cranberry consumption may prevent bacterial adherence to uroepithelial cells which reduces the development of UTI, and Cranberry consumption could also decreasing UTI related symptoms by suppressing inflammatory cascades as an immunologic response to bacteria invasion.

TL;DR: Baobab fruit extract at both low and high doses significantly reduced GR, although there was no significant effect on satiety or on energy expenditure, and all extracts in this study were shown to be good sources of polyphenols.

TL;DR: The hypothesis is that n-3 PUFA positively influence obesity and osteoporosis by reducing LGCI, ultimately leading to a beneficial shift in MSC lineage commitment and the need for more focused research in several areas such as determining age and lifestyle factors that promote the shift inMSC commitment and if current intakes of EPA and DHA are optimal for fat and bone.

TL;DR: The identification of an association between the regular intake of foods such as potatoes and the production of SCFAs provides an opportunity to improve public health.

TL;DR: Results indicate that resveratrol, as a feasible effective supplement for HFD, can relieve oxidative stress, inhibit inflammatory genes expression, and increase Tregs number via aryl hydrocarbon receptor activation inhibited by H FD, especially in DIO mice.

TL;DR: Long-term mild weight loss reduces inflammatory cytokine levels, leukocyte counts, and oxidative stress and may reverse the elevated oxidative stress induced by inflammatory mediators in the overweight and obese.

TL;DR: Choline supplementation at 500 mg/d for 9 months in children aged 2 to 5 years is feasible and has high tolerability and further examination of the efficacy of choline supplementation in FASD is currently underway.

TL;DR: As postprandial lipemia is closely correlated to cardiovascular disease, long-term dietary supplementation with whey protein may prove beneficial in preventing cardiovascular disease in obese non-diabetic subjects.

TL;DR: It is demonstrated that a 10-mg monacolin nutraceutical appears to safely reduce cholesterolemia, hs-CRP, and markers of vascular remodeling in Italian subjects and these results have to be confirmed in larger patient samples and longer studies.

TL;DR: It is suggested that long-term administration of phycocyanin may ameliorate systemic blood pressure by enhancing eNOS expression in aorta that is stimulated by adiponectin.

TL;DR: It is concluded that there are no differences in the metabolic effects of HFCS and sucrose when compared at low, medium, and high levels of consumption.

TL;DR: It is proposed that prenatal maternal dietary supplementation with gangliosides throughout pregnancy may promote greater long-term effects on brain development and function, and this concept can be encouraged in preconception clinics.

TL;DR: Soy protein, in combination with isoflavones, would have the largest positive effect on coronary heart disease risk factors (serum lipids and inflammatory markers) compared with either intervention alone orEither alone or together, soy protein and is oflavones should not be considered an effective intervention to prevent cardiovascular disease because of lipid modification in healthy late postmenopausal women lacking the ability to produce equol.

TL;DR: The data demonstrated that quercetin increased the expressions of PPARγ, LXRα, and ABCA1 genes and cholesterol efflux from THP-1 macrophages, which would contribute to lowering the risk of atherosclerosis.

TL;DR: The results indicate that the effect of chronic consumption of CJC on AIx was not significantly different from changes associated with the consumption of PJ, however, the significant within-group decrease in AIx following CJC consumption in abdominally obese men may deserve further investigation.

TL;DR: HFLCD leads to increased isChemic myocardial injury and impaired recovery of function after reperfusion and was associated with attenuation of mitochondrial biogenesis and enhanced oxidative stress in obese rats, which may have important implications for diet selection in obese patients with ischemic heart disease.

TL;DR: The hypothesis that caffeine intake was inversely associated with sleep duration among 13-year-old adolescents was supported and food sources of caffeine intake were identified.

TL;DR: The data suggest that silk proteins may serve as functional foods to promote bone healing and therapeutic interventions for bone fractures and osteoporosis.