Showing papers in "Parkinsonism & Related Disorders in 2019"

TL;DR: Functional predictions suggest changes in pathways favoring a pro-inflammatory environment in the gastrointestinal tract, and a reduction in the biosynthesis of amino acids acting as precursors of physiological transmitters in Parkinson's disease.

TL;DR: A strong negative effect of dual tasks on walking performance confirmed that gait performance is adversely affected by dual tasks in people with Parkinson's disease.

TL;DR: Evaluating the localization and magnitude of functional connectivity patterns in resting-state brain networks in Parkinson's disease patients with cognitive impairment found reduced connectivity in networks relevant to cognition, most prominently the default mode network.

TL;DR: Parkinson's patients show significant thinning of the inner retinal layers, resembling changes found in glaucoma and other neurodegenerative diseases like Alzheimer's.

TL;DR: Higher scores for the International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale part II as well more severe symptoms of depression, anxiety, apathy, and excessive daytime sleepiness were associated with worse health-related quality of life.

TL;DR: Continuous positive airway pressure and tracheostomy are both suggested as symptomatic treatment of stridor, but whether they improve survival is uncertain and several research gaps emerged involving diagnosis, prognosis, and treatment.

TL;DR: This is the first paper that enumerated NDE, ADE, and ODE in human plasma and showed the usefulness of those levels as biomarkers for PD and MSA-P.

TL;DR: The trajectory of cognitive impairment in PD patients is summarised and it is highlighted that MCI is common in this patient group and this information can inform future policy and planning.

TL;DR: Mood, non-motor symptoms burden, and gait problems seem to be the most relevant factors affecting health-related and global perceived QoL in non-demented Parkinson's disease patients.

TL;DR: The findings suggest that conventional measures of motor symptom severity do not strongly reflect daily-living activity and that daily- living measures apparently provide important information that is not captured in a conventional one-time, laboratory assessment of gait, balance or the MDS-UPDRS.

TL;DR: DBS is effective in reducing tremor in PD patients regardless of stimulation target, however, the degree of tremor suppression in STN DBS versus GPi DBS was equivalent.

TL;DR: While GBA-PD is characterized by higher rates of dementia, probable RBD and psychosis, it seems that compared to the other groups, these features are less common for LRRK2-GBA- PD, which may imply to a possible protective effect of L RRK2 p.G2019S mutation among GBA variant carriers.

TL;DR: This work focused on GNAO1-related MD, providing an analytical review of existing data to outline the main MD phenomenology and management, clinical evolution and genotype-phenotype correlations, and the presence of a choreiform MD appears to be predictive of a higher risk of movement disorder emergency.

TL;DR: Combining motion analysis with a validated olfactory screening test, a two-step non-invasive, low-cost procedure can be defined to appropriately analyze people at risk for PD development, helping clinicians to identify also subtle changes in motor performance that characterize PD onset.

TL;DR: The clinical features and epidemiology of young-onset Parkinson's disease are reviewed with focus on its impact on pregnancy, employment and family, as well as its particular diagnostic and management challenges.

TL;DR: Although the mainstay of treatment remains levodopa, other symptomatic therapies such as botulinum toxin for focal dystonia, supportive medical therapies, and deep brain stimulation in select cases, may also be used to provide the most optimal long-term outcomes.

TL;DR: Salivary α-syn detection could be a promising and easily accessible biomarker for PD and for the differential diagnosis between PD and PSP.

TL;DR: The results indicate that large deviations from the intended implantation direction are a common phenomenon in directional leads, and postoperative determination of lead orientation is thus mandatory for investigating directional DBS.

TL;DR: ComB and HF-STN stimulation improved PD-associated gait disorders in this preliminary case series, sustained over time.

TL;DR: A small number of studies were identified which used varying protocols, making comparisons difficult, and further studies are warranted, measuring comprehensive gait and balance characteristics as well as gold standard falls detection to further quantify the relationship between ACh and mobility in PD.

TL;DR: Altered organization of the dorsal attention network in patients with FOG may explain the higher risk for FOG during complex walking situations and support the idea that attentional networks play an important role in FOG.

TL;DR: It is understood that information in the basal ganglia is encoded through complex neural responses that can be reliably measured and used to infer disease states for clinical translation and will drive new neuromodulation strategies such as adaptive DBS or cell-specific neurmodulation through the use of optogenetics.

TL;DR: The similarity of the described clinical picture with that of SCAR16, an autosomal recessive ataxia caused by biallelic mutations in the same gene, and of spinocerebellar ataxIA type 17, which is considered the main Huntington's disease-like syndrome is emphasized.

TL;DR: It is suggested that longitudinal studies specific to ET are needed, and variables to be considered are outlined in these investigations to facilitate meaningful counseling of patients and their families.

TL;DR: Clinical and pathological evidence suggesting that the gut-brain axis is dysfunctional in PD is presented by discussing the possible role of gut microbiota, inflammation and permeability in the development of the disease.

TL;DR: The duration of BG β episodes is more highly impacted than their magnitude in parkinsonism and may be more reliable metric - especially in STN - to discriminate between normal ("good") and pathological ("bad") β episodes.

TL;DR: Exploratory analyses show that higher self-reported physical activity is associated with less disease progression, and interventions to increase physical activity in early Parkinson's disease could potentially modify the disease course.

TL;DR: Results show that PLS-DA identified tRF from prefrontal cortex, CSF, and serum that can distinguish PD patients from controls that warrant further evaluation as non-invasive PD biomarkers.

TL;DR: Evidence is confirmed that pRBD features are a clinical marker for faster cognitive decline and possibly also motor progression in PD patients, the latter for patients with a Postural Instability and Gait Dysfunction subtype early in disease.