Showing papers in "Science and Technology of Advanced Materials in 2011"

TL;DR: Overall defect energetics suggests a preference for the native donor-type defects over acceptor- type defects in ZnO, which is likely to play essential roles in electrical properties.

TL;DR: A simple soft-chemical method of doping Zn into g-C3N4 to prepare a metal-containing carbon nitride that shows high photocatalytic activity and good stability for hydrogen evolution from an aqueous methanol solution under visible light irradiation.

TL;DR: Various techniques of yarn spinning using solid and liquid surfaces as well as surface-free collection are described and compared and there is sufficient understanding of the electrospinning process and experimental results to suggest that precision electrosp spinning is a real possibility.

TL;DR: The characteristic behaviors of localized strain bands and techniques commonly used to study the PLC effect are summarized and some discussion on the mechanisms of the effect are included.

TL;DR: The conditions leading to the growth of different ZTO nanostructures using the hydrothermal method are summarized and a few of its applications reported in the literature are delved into.

TL;DR: This review focuses on the hierarchical architecture, macroscopic and microscopic deformation and fracture behavior, as well as toughening mechanisms in nacre and summarizes recent progress in the fabrication of materials inspired by nacre taking into consideration its mechanical properties.

TL;DR: Infrared transmission spectra revealed that the processing conditions do not affect the PLLA samples at the molecular level and that the crystallinity of the samples is related to the presence of α-crystals.

TL;DR: The formation conditions, solubility and stability of monohydrocalcite (MHC, CaCO3·H2O), as well as sorption behaviors of toxic anions on MHC, are reviewed to evaluate MHC as a remediation material for hazardous oxyanions.

TL;DR: The basic principles of natural photonic materials, the ideas developed from these principles, the directions of applications and practical industrial realizations are presented by summarizing the recent research results.

TL;DR: The tunability of structural color by swelling and strain is demonstrated on an example of opal composites, which may provide valuable hints for the bioinspired design of photonic materials.

TL;DR: Hydrogels, especially those containing hydroxy group and sulfonic group, show excellent antifouling activity against barnacles both in laboratory assays and in the marine environment, causing the extreme low settlement on hydrogels in vitro and in vivo.

TL;DR: The obtained results are explained in terms of intermolecular filler-matrix interaction at the nanometer scale, for which the highest mechanical resistance was reached using hydrolytic lignin in the nanocomposite.

TL;DR: Examples of applications of these porous ceramics are given, including their excellent capillary lift of over 1 m height which could be used to counteract urban heat island phenomena, and other interesting properties arising from anisotropic unidirectional porous structures.

TL;DR: In SPS samples, the total forwardtransmittance and in-line transmittance are mainly affected by color centers with a limited contribution from residual pores; in contrast, the changes in reflectance are only related to the porosity.

TL;DR: ZnO/Nylon 6 nanofiber mats prepared by the electrospinning–electrospraying hybrid process are promising material candidates for protective applications.

TL;DR: Prussian blue was deposited electrochemically within the films, thus confirming the accessibility of their pores and their functionality as electrode material, and the conductivity is significantly higher for films prepared with the template generating larger mesopores.

TL;DR: An overview on the recent progress in the application of x-ray diffraction to elucidating the structural and mechanical properties of mineral crystals in bone is reviewed in terms of characterization of in situ strain, residual stress–strain and crystal orientation.

TL;DR: The experimental results indicate that β-SiAlON:Yb2+ is a potential green phosphor for white light-emitting diodes (LEDs), which use blue LEDs as the primary light source.

TL;DR: Both the historical and recent studies on MgTi2O5 are reviewed, particularly on its crystal structure, cation order–disorder, physical properties and synthesis methods, which are expected to be a well-balanced low-thermal-expansion material.

TL;DR: The applications of a novel theory to the analysis of electrokinetic data for various soft particles, that is, particles covered with an ion-permeable surface layer of polyelectrolytes, and hydrogel-coated particles as a model of biological cells are reviewed.

TL;DR: Morphological characterization by SEM and TEM reveals that high-quality CuO nanoparticles are distributed homogeneously within the nanoporous carbon framework, and the supercapacitance behavior of the CuO-loaded nanoporous carbons was investigated.

TL;DR: The synthesis of hydroxyapatite nanoparticles (HANPs) by the coprecipitation method using calcium D-gluconate and potassium hydrogen phosphate as the sources of calcium and phosphate ions, respectively, and the triblock copolymer F127 as a stabilizer is reported.

TL;DR: Highly textured polycrystalline Nb4AlC3 ceramic fabricated by slip casting in a strong magnetic field followed by spark plasma sintering showed layered microstructure at the scales ranging from nanometers to millimeters.

TL;DR: A ‘ubiquitous element strategy’ for materials research is proposed, which aims to apply abundant elements in a variety of innovative applications to solve the ‘rare-element crisis’.

TL;DR: A composition region has been identified in the Fe–Pd–Mn system that combines ferromagnetism and martensitic transformation, and a combination of these methods offers a fast and reliable high-throughput characterization technology for searching for new materials.

TL;DR: In this article, the thermal stability of multiwalled carbon nanotubes (CNTs) was studied in high vacuum using tungsten nanoparticles as miniaturized thermal probes.

TL;DR: 12CaO·7Al2O3 electride, a sub-nanoporous compound having a work function of 2.4 eV, was examined as a candidate cathode material in fluorescent lamps; the electron emission yield was higher and the discharge voltage was lower than for existing cathode materials such as Ni, Mo or W; therefore, the energy consumption of the fluorescent lamps can be improved using 12CaO ·7Al 2O3 cathodes.

TL;DR: The recent development of atomic switches that use a metal oxide as the ionic conductive material has enabled the integration of atomic switch with complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor (CMOS) devices, which will facilitate the commercialization of atomic switched devices.

TL;DR: The nature of the hydrogel did not affect the pore size distribution but was crucial for the behavior of the scaffolds in a hydrated medium: gellan-containing scaffolds showed a higher swelling degree owing to the presence of more hydrophilic groups.

TL;DR: A detailed study of Zn–SiO2 nanocomposite coatings deposited from a zinc sulfate solution at pH 3.5 showed the best incorporation was achieved for particles modified with SiO2–SH, dithiooxamide or cysteamine; these particles have functional groups that can strongly interact with zinc and therefore incorporate well into the metal matrix.