Showing papers in "Seminars in Cell & Developmental Biology in 2003"

TL;DR: This review will primarily focus on the current understanding of the proteolytic events involved in generating and regulating Notch signalling.

TL;DR: The concept of 'epigenetic checkpoints' for normal progression of development and the loss of totipotency is proposed and highlighted those areas with relevance to somatic nuclear cloning and the possibility of improving the efficiency of this process.

TL;DR: The evolutionary conserved histone H3 lysine 9 methyltransferase SU(VAR)3-9 plays a central role in heterochromatic gene silencing and should contribute to further understanding of processes connected with regulation of higher order chromatin structure and epigenetic programming.

TL;DR: Findings suggest that the Notch pathway plays a fundamental role in regulating haematopoietic development.

TL;DR: In this article, the optimal timing of transplantation is 1-2 weeks after the spinal cord injury, where the availability of signals to induce the appropriate differentiation of the transplanted and/or endogenous neural stem cells as well as the timing of the transplantation are important for successful functional recovery of the damaged CNS.

TL;DR: Cloning and sequencing demonstrated p26 is a small heat shock/alpha-crystallin protein while artemin has structural similarity to ferritin, suggesting critical roles in cyst development in brine shrimp embryos.

TL;DR: The importance of HSP47 in the therapeutic strategy for fibrotic diseases as well as for a marker of collagen-related autoimmune diseases will also be discussed.

TL;DR: Deregulation of imprinted genes has been observed in a number of human diseases such as Beckwith-Wiedemann syndrome, Prader-Willi/Angelman syndromes and cancer and provide interesting models for function and mechanisms of epigenetic gene control.

TL;DR: The roles of heat shock factors (HSF), their major regulators, in mammalian development are discussed and available data on Hsp function is reviewed.

TL;DR: Zebrafish fill a gap in the current repertoire of models, offering genetic tractability in a vertebrate, and have the potential to model the macular degenerations.

TL;DR: The role of the DNA methylation-mediated repression system (Dnmt1's, MeCPs and MBDs and associated chromatin remodelling activities) in animal development is described and suggests that epigenetic regulation is plastic in its application and should be considered in a developmental context that may be species specific.

TL;DR: The beneficial effects of Hsps on aging revealed in mild stress and overexpression experiments suggest that these proteins are part of an important cell protection system rather than being unspecific molecular chaperones.

TL;DR: A hsp70-4/eGFP reporter gene system in stable transgenic zebrafish that serves as a reliable yet extremely quick indicator of cell-specific toxicity in the context of the multicellular, living embryo.

TL;DR: Interspersed repeat elements, and in particular long interspersed elements (LINEs) have been suggested as the relevant enriching features of X-chromosome inactivation, implying that the X- chromosome is enriched in features favouring inactivation.

TL;DR: With available in vitro and targeted mutagenesis models, it is now beginning to comprehend how the secreted inductive proteins and associated transcription factors direct competent cells to produce a functional filtering tubular epithelium and its tightly integrated vascular network.

TL;DR: Drosophila (fruitfly) and Caenorhabditis (nematode worm) are useful model organisms for understanding many molecular and cellular mechanisms of human disease.

TL;DR: Evidence for, and arguments against, the role of Hsp90 as a capacitor for morphological evolution, and as a key component of what the authors call "Waddington's widget" are discussed.

TL;DR: The neurogenic to gliogenic switch that is characteristic of progenitor development in vivo and in NSC cultures is discussed, and then the cell intrinsic and extrinsic mechanisms regulating the sequential differentiation of neurons and glia are discussed.

TL;DR: The function of PcG proteins has been widely conserved between the plant and animal kingdoms and, as in animals, they affect both homeotic gene expression and cell proliferation.

TL;DR: How genetic approaches can be used to validate animal models of anxiety by reviewing genetic approaches that have the potential to overcome the difficulty inherent in identifying the molecular variants that influence the phenotype.

TL;DR: A number of approaches employing the chemical mutagen ethylnitrosourea (ENU) have been utilised by mouse geneticists to deliver a substantial new collection of mouse disease models.

TL;DR: Recent studies suggest that cortical and medullary stromal progenitors may be an important source of signals that maintain outer and inner zones of differentiation in the embryonic kidney, and regulate distinct events important for differentiation of nephrons and the collecting duct system.

TL;DR: The many features of inactive X chromatin in terminally differentiated cells are reviewed and the highly redundant mechanisms of maintaining the inactive X Chromatin are addressed.

TL;DR: In vitro production of DA neurons provides insight into the mechanisms that control cell fate choice, and offers an alternative to the use of fetal tissue for experimental cell replacement in Parkinson's disease.

TL;DR: The present article reviews the current knowledge of the regulatory elements lying within the mouse Xic and of the mechanisms underlying random X inactivation.

TL;DR: Because chromatin changes can be directly visualized on a silenced chromosome, X chromosome inactivation provides an advantageous model to investigate genome-wide heterochromatin formation and maintenance, with wide-ranging implications for normal cells and disease.

TL;DR: The data from mouse demonstrates that Tsix serves to regulate Xist expression, and how the question of whether or not the human TSIX is functional impacts models of Tsix function is discussed.

TL;DR: From conditioned media of ureteric bud cells, molecules that mimic the growth and epithelialization of mesenchyme in vivo are identified that will help identify additional pathways that induce morphogenesis.

TL;DR: In vitro studies revealed that multimeric hsp30 binds to heat denatured target protein, inhibits their aggregation and maintains them in a folding-competent state until reactivated by other cellular chaperones.

TL;DR: Notch signalling is likely to regulate multiple aspects of lymphoid development and function, and several viral proteins appear to utilize Notch signalling in B cells to mediate their functions.