Showing papers in "Social Science & Medicine in 2013"

TL;DR: The included studies indicated that the theoretical approaches of social causation and classical selection are not mutually exclusive across generations and specificmental health problems; these processes create a cycle of deprivation and mental health problems.

TL;DR: This study focuses on three mechanisms through which greenery might exert its positive effect on health: stress reduction, stimulating physical activity and facilitating social cohesion.

TL;DR: The findings of this study suggest that interpersonal stigma also functions to reinforce medical power and authority in the face of provider uncertainty, which upsets the normal balance of power in provider-patient relationships.

TL;DR: In this paper, a systematic review of studies that examine relationships between reported racial discrimination and child and youth health was provided, with statistically significant associations with racial discrimination found in 76% of outcomes examined.

TL;DR: Interventions that used an individualized or decreasing frequency of messages over the course of the intervention were more successful than interventions that used a fixed message frequency and message tailoring and personalization were significantly associated with greater intervention efficacy.

TL;DR: It is demonstrated that the number of groups that a person belongs to is a strong predictor of subsequent depression, and that the unfolding benefits of social group memberships are stronger among individuals who are depressed than among those who are non-depressed.

TL;DR: Associations between built, socioeconomic, and social characteristics of a child's residential environment on body mass index, diet, and physical activity and distinct domains of neighborhood environment characteristics were independently related to children's BMI and health behaviors are examined.

TL;DR: The study concludes that physical activity in natural environments is associated with a reduction in the risk of poor mental health to a greater extent thanPhysical activity in other environments, but also that activity in different types of environment may promote different kinds of positive psychological response.

TL;DR: Investigating the associations of multiple indices of financial debt with psychological and general health outcomes among 8400 young adult respondents from the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent Health suggests that debt is an important socioeconomic determinant of health that should be explored further in social epidemiology research.

TL;DR: The RESIDE longitudinal natural experiment as mentioned in this paper examined the impact of urban planning on active living in metropolitan Perth, Western Australia, and found that both transport and recreational-walking behaviors respond to changes in the availability and diversity of local transport-and recreational destinations, and demonstrates the potential of local infrastructure to support healthenhancing behaviours.

TL;DR: It was found that respondents who completed less than a high school education had significantly shorter telomeres than those who graduated from college, and the association between education and LTL was partially mediated by smoking and body mass index but not by drinking or sedentary behavior.

TL;DR: A phenomenologically and socio-materially informed theoretical model of assistive technology use is developed to improve the situated, lived experience of multi-morbidity in older people with assisted living needs.

TL;DR: Evidence is presented to suggest that, globally, addiction is sufficiently stressful to cause pain and suffering to a large but uncounted number of adult affected family members (AFMs) and research and action using the model and method described can make a contribution to changing that state of affairs.

TL;DR: It is found that people who hold biogenetic explanations for mental disorders tend to blame affected persons less for their problems, but perceive them as more dangerous and desire more distance from them, and that biogenetics explanations confer mixed blessings for stigma.

TL;DR: A health systems trust content area framework was developed, where it was identified that honesty, communication, confidence and competence were captured frequently in these measures, with less focus on concepts such as fidelity, system trust, confidentiality and fairness.

TL;DR: It is found that organizational culture varies across hospitals and over time, and this variation is at least in part associated in consistent and predictable ways with a variety of organizational characteristics and routine measures of performance.

TL;DR: The findings revealed that there were problems in health care financing in Viet Nam - many households encountered catastrophic health expenditure and/or were pushed into poverty due to health care payments.

TL;DR: It is highlighted that task-sharing is not an outright solution for overcoming human resource shortages in low and middle income countries, and an increased investment in mental health care is essential in order to ensure thattask-sharing interventions are successful and sustainable.

TL;DR: The majority of this paper describes the different biopsychosocial determinants of sleep, including age, gender, psychosocial factors (depression, stress and loneliness), socioeconomic position and race/ethnicity.

TL;DR: The results show that the promenades are favourite places to spend leisure time and to engage in recreational activities, in addition to providing restoration from everyday stresses, and are a strong predictor of preference and positive perceptive experiences in urban environments.

TL;DR: This study explored empirically the complexity of disasters to determine levers for action where interventions can be used to facilitate collaborative action and promote health among high risk populations, and built a framework for critical social infrastructure and develop a model to identify potential points of intervention to promote population health and resilience.

TL;DR: It is suggested that for respondents with greater levels of SEP, racial discrimination was associated with reports of more depressive symptoms, and greater life course SEP was positively associated with favorable self-rated health.

TL;DR: Investigation of the effects of wages and working hours on health behaviors of low-educated persons using variations in wages and hours caused by changes in local economic activity finds that increases in wages caused by economic expansions are associated with greater consumption of cigarettes in the United States.

TL;DR: It is found that the accomplishment of patient-centered care is highly dependent upon habitus and the cultural health capital that both patients and providers bring to health care interactions.

TL;DR: The results confirm previous research and extend the generalizability of the indirect effect of perceived neighborhood context on health status through sleep quality through self-rated sleep quality.

TL;DR: It is argued that self-organization, while not completely controllable, can be influenced, and that improving interdependencies and sensemaking among SUS stakeholders is a strategy for facilitating self- Organization processes that increase the probability of spreading effective practices across diverse settings.

TL;DR: It is suggested that treatment decision making is a dynamic process characterised by uncertainty and debate, experimentation with multiple and simultaneous treatments, and shifting interpretations of the illness and treatment options, with household decision making hinging on social negotiations with a broad variety of actors and influenced by control over financial resources.

TL;DR: This paper investigates targeting and impact of the Askeskin programme using panel data for 8582 households observed in 2005 and 2006, and applying difference-in-differences estimation in combination with propensity score matching finds that the programme is indeed targeted to the poor and those most vulnerable to catastrophic out-of-pocket health payments.

TL;DR: Social capital's presence among a low income population living in a hurricane prone area is characterized and a higher prevalence of preparedness is found among individuals who reported the highest perception of fairness compared to those who reported lowest perceptions of fairness.

TL;DR: The theoretical analysis presented here shows how implementation as a process and embedding as a state can be conceptualized in terms of social mechanisms that effect changes in the ways that agents' contribute to normative restructuring, the reworking of relational conventions and group processes, the enacting of practices, and their projection into the future.