Showing papers in "The Lancet in 1996"

TL;DR: Long-term administration of clopidogrel to patients with atherosclerotic vascular disease is more effective than aspirin in reducing the combined risk of ischaemic stroke, myocardial infarction, or vascular death.

TL;DR: Among women with low bone mass and existing vertebral fractures, alendronate is well tolerated and substantially reduces the frequency of morphometric and clinical vertebra fractures, as well as other clinical fractures.

TL;DR: The CAPRIE trial as discussed by the authors evaluated the relative efficacy of clopidogrel and aspirin in reducing the risk of a composite outcome cluster of ischaemic stroke, myocardial infarction, or vascular death; their relative safety was also assessed.

TL;DR: Ten cases of Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease have been identified in the UK in recent months with a new neuropathological profile that raises the possibility that they are causally linked to BSE.

TL;DR: The findings indicate that biennial screening by FOB tests can reduce CRC mortality, and the effect of the removal of more precursor adenomas in the screening-group participants than in controls on CRC incidence.

TL;DR: It is concluded that in patients with angiographically proven symptomatic coronary atherosclerosis, alpha-tocopherol treatment substantially reduces the rate of non-fatal MI, with beneficial effects apparent after 1 year of treatment.

TL;DR: Previously increased blood pressure may increase the risk for dementia by inducing small-vessel disease and white-matter lesions, but to what extent the decline in blood pressure before dementia onset is a consequence or a cause of the brain disease remains to be elucidated.

TL;DR: Oestrogen use in postmenopausal women may delay the onset and decrease the risk of Alzheimer's disease and Prospective studies are needed to establish the dose and duration required to provide this benefit and to assess its safety in elderly post menopause women.

TL;DR: The International Programme on Chemical Safety is a joint venture of the United Nations Environment Programme, the International Labour Organisation, and the World Health Organization to carry out and disseminate evaluations of the effects of chemicals on human health and the quality of the environment.

TL;DR: Caution is required in elderly patients and anticoagulation intensity should be closely monitored to reduce periods of overdosing and see fewer bleeding events than those recorded in other observational and experimental studies.

TL;DR: The prophylactic use of a specific potassium-channel blocker does not reduce mortality, and may be associated with increased mortality in high-risk patients after myocardial infarction.

TL;DR: Whether or not appreciable additional gain can be achieved with very early treatment of fibrinolytic therapy is discussed, which is substantially higher in patients presenting within 2 h after symptom onset compared to those presenting later.

TL;DR: Papillomaviruses of both dogs and cats can predispose an animal to squamous cell carcinoma, and these tumors are most frequently diagnosed in animals that have sun-damaged skin.

TL;DR: Breast cancer and hormonal contraceptives: Collaborative reanalysis of individual data on 53297 women with breast cancer and 100239 women without breast cancer from 54 epidemiological studies as mentioned in this paper.

TL;DR: The data suggest that leptin enters the brain by a saturable transport system, lower in obese individuals, and may provide a mechanism for leptin resistance.

TL;DR: A double-blind, placebo-controlled, multicentre study to confirm that riluzole is well tolerated and lengthens survival of patients with ALS and suggests that the 100 mg dose of rILuzole has the best benefit-to-risk ratio.

TL;DR: It is suggested that rTMS of the left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex might become a safe, non-convulsive alternative to electroconvulsive treatment in depression.

TL;DR: Ultrasonographic measurements of the os calcis predict the risk of hip fracture in elderly women living at home as well as DPXA of the hip does, and the combination of both methods makes possible the identification of women at very high or very low risk of fracture.

TL;DR: Low-intensity, fixed-dose warfarin plus aspirin in this regimen is insufficient for stroke prevention in patients with non-valvular AF at high-risk for thromboembolism; adjusted-doseWarfarin (target INR 2.0-3.0) importantly reduces stroke for high- risk patients.

TL;DR: Administration of endothelial cell mitogens promotes angiogenesis in patients with limb ischaemia and intra-arterial gene transfer of a plasmid which encodes for vascular endothelial growth factor can improve blood supply to the ischaemic limb.

TL;DR: The rates of use and types of alternative medicine and therapists used by this population in 1993, and correlations with other demographic and medical variables are assessed, show women were more likely to consult naturopaths, iridiologists, and reflexologists than men.

TL;DR: The trial shows that the standard treatment for most patients with epidermoid anal cancer should be a combination of radiotherapy and infused 5-fluorouracil and mitomycin, with surgery reserved for those who fall on this regimen.

TL;DR: In this article, a randomized controlled trial was conducted to investigate whether D2 gastric resection confers a survival advantage over D1 resection, and the results showed that the D2 group had higher post-operative hospital mortality (13% vs 6·5%; p=0·04 [95% Cl 9-18% for D2, 4-11 % for D1] and higher overall postoperative morbidity (46% vs 28%).

TL;DR: A low preoperative haemoglobin or a substantial operative blood loss increases the risk of death or serious morbidity more in patients with cardiovascular disease than in those without.

TL;DR: Consultants' mental health is likely to be protected against the high demands of medical practice by maintaining or enhancing job satisfaction, and by providing training in communication and management skills.

TL;DR: It is concluded that neuromuscular and visual impairments, as well as femoral-neck BMD, are significant and independent predictors of the risk of hip fracture in elderly mobile women, and that their combined assessment improves the prediction of hip fractures.

TL;DR: The maintenance of intraoperative normothermia reduces blood loss and allogeneic blood requirements in patients undergoing total hip arthroplasty and increases blood loss in the hypothermic patients.

TL;DR: An association exists between body temperature and initial stroke severity, infarct size, mortality, and outcome in acute human stroke and only intervention trials of hypothermic treatment can prove whether this relation is causal.