Showing papers in "Vaccine in 1989"

TL;DR: Increasing age, increasing total skinfold thickness and cigarette smoking were independently associated with lower antibody responses in persons receiving buttock injections but not in people receiving arm injections.

TL;DR: The association between high age per se and response to influenza vaccines, if any, has not yet been established and suggestions are made for future studies in which admission criteria should control health state and previous exposure to influenza antigens.

TL;DR: Evidence is presented that an antiserum to a peptide from the preS1 sequence, anti-preS(21-47), is virus-neutralizing and that active immunization of chimpanzees with a longer peptide derived from the prior sequence, preS(12- 47), elicits antibodies protective against HBV infection.

TL;DR: Type-specific protection indicated both by a reduction of bacteraemia and meningitis and survival of the animals was regularly obtained with antibodies to the P1 protein and to LPS, which form important guidelines for the design of vaccines to prevent group B meningococcal infections.

TL;DR: A novel completely synthetic virus peptide vaccine, which consists of a synthetic activator of B cells and macrophages, covalently linked to an amphiphilic alpha-helical T-cell epitope, which induces a long-lasting high protection against foot-and-mouth disease and serotype-specific virus-neutralizing antibodies in guinea-pigs after a single administration without any additional adjuvant or carrier.

TL;DR: A model microparticulate carrier system, capable of partially protecting an entrapped antigen against enzymatic degradation, has been successfully used to induce an enhanced secretory immune response to an incorporated model soluble antigen following oral administration to experimental rats.

TL;DR: Comparisons indicate that the purified F and G glycoprotein vaccine was highly immunogenic and was efficacious even in animals that developed low levels of serum-neutralizing antibodies, and suggest that purified paramyxovirus glycoproteins might be used safely as a vaccine.

TL;DR: It is concluded that the institutionalized elderly in this study mounted an inferior immune response against the new heterotypic influenza A/Taiwan strain when compared to healthy elderly adults.

TL;DR: Promising prototype oral ETEC vaccines combining B subunit toxoid with inactivated ETEC bacteria expressing the most prevalent colonization factor antigens (CFAs) have been developed, and work is in progress to find means for adding to this CFA-toxoid vaccine a component that could also provide immunity against heat-stable enterotoxin.

TL;DR: A vaccine is constructed composed of glycoproteins from the envelopes of either influenza of Sendai virus embedded in a lipid bilayer (immunosomes) mimicking the presentation of the virus to the cells during natural infection and induces an adequate systemic Ir compared with intramuscular immunization and a superior local IgA response.

TL;DR: A double mutant of S. flexneri serotype 5 for utilization as a live attenuated oral vaccine against shigellosis appeared safe when administered intragastrically to macaque monkeys as three doses (5 x 10(10) c.f.u. each) at weekly intervals.

TL;DR: The secretory immune responses were significantly increased for animals gastrically intubated with ovalbumin adsorbed to 100 nm particles, relative to a control group response to soluble antigen.

TL;DR: The development and widespread uptake of a safe and efficacious aluminium adsorbed diphtheria-tetanus-pertussis vaccine in the United States between 1933 and 1944 led to a gradual decline in whooping cough morbidity and instilled confidence in a vaccination programme which has been effectively maintained for over 40 years.

TL;DR: It is indicated that CTB can produce an augmented and persistent antibody response to PR-8 HA vaccine, which is cross-protective to other A-type virus infections.

TL;DR: The findings suggest that the response to hepatitis B vaccine is not highly dependent on timing of vaccine doses and that modest alterations in timing of doses, such as those necessary to integrate hepatitis B vaccines with other childhood vaccines, do not affect the excellent response to this vaccine.

TL;DR: Salmonella strains harbouring mutations in genes involved in the pre-chorismate biosynthetic pathway make excellent oral vaccines evoking strong humoral, local and cellular immune responses in the host.

TL;DR: Three failures of postexposure rabies treatment using imported purified duck embryo cell and Vero cell rabies vaccines are reported from Thailand and it is stressed that once a dog has bitten a patient immunotherapy should not be delayed in countries with a high incidence of dog rabies.

TL;DR: In mice, immunostimulatory complexes prepared from HIV-1 B external envelope glycoprotein (gp120) induced 10-fold higher antibody titres than gp120 emulsified in depot adjuvant, as measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA).

TL;DR: The results are consistent with the suggestions that protection of children with whole cell pertussis vaccine is to some extent serospecific and that agglutinogens should be considered as constituents of acellular pertussi vaccines.

TL;DR: The infant mouse cholera model has been used to evaluate the relative importance of toxin-coregulated pili as protective antigens of Vibrio cholerae 01 and results suggest that TCP are not the only such antigen in this model.

TL;DR: In mice given a relatively high dose of virus A/PR/8/34 (PR-8, H1N1) HA vaccine, the secondary responses of both antiviral IgA antibodies in nasal wash and haemagglutination-inhibiting (HI) antibody in serum were much higher than those of primary responses and persisted for greater than 12 weeks after the second inoculation.

TL;DR: It was concluded that a non-pyrogenic formulation of alum-adsorbed liposome, in which the liposomes contained both lipid A and an encapsulated synthetic sporozoite antigen, shows considerable promise for inducing high titres of antibodies to sporozoites.

TL;DR: The study showed that the two vaccines were comparable in their immunogenicity and reactogenicity after initial three dose series and no adverse reactions were noted following the 2 year booster with PCEC.

TL;DR: An oral killed vaccine, designed to evoke antibacterial as well as antitoxic intestinal immunity, has proved to be completely safe and to protect against cholera for at least 3 years.

TL;DR: It was discovered that a temporary increase in measles antibodies took place in the majority of the population 2-4 years after the vaccination, which was due to an inapparent measles infection in a population considered highly immune after vaccination.

TL;DR: It is suggested that a relatively low dose of CTB could be inoculated repeatedly into animals as an adjuvant for nasal vaccination and change the ability of the vaccinated mice to resist viral challenge.

TL;DR: Montagnon animal cell lines regulatory issues in animal cell culture new techniques differentiation of animal cells in culture animal cell physiology development in serum-free media animal cell production systems downstream processing advances in product generation animal cell biotechnology in Europe.

TL;DR: Data clearly indicate that seals can be protected from fatal challenge with the phocid distemper virus (PDV), by vaccination with certain inactivated CDV vaccines, and reconfirm that infection with PDV should be considered the primary cause of the recent epizootic in seals.

TL;DR: The data suggest that the pathogenesis of pulmonary injury during natural RSV infection in the immunized host is due primarily to prior sensitized to the virus, and sensitization to non-viral tissue culture components also contributes to lung injury.

TL;DR: A periodical revaccination of the entire adult population with reduced doses of diphtheria toxoid would be advisable, on the basis of present results.