Showing papers in "Virology in 2017"

TL;DR: An overview of advances in research on the coronavirus fusion peptide is given with an emphasis on its role and properties within the biological context of host cell entry.

TL;DR: It is suggested that circulating HCoVs in the field generally use cell-surface TMPRSS2 for cell entry, not endosomal cathepsins, in human airway epithelial cells.

TL;DR: VirusDetect, a bioinformatics pipeline that can efficiently analyze large-scale small RNA datasets for both known and novel virus identification, is presented.

TL;DR: Findings provide clues to the mechanism of the replication/transcription complex assembly of SARS-CoV and could reveal an antiviral target for the treatment of betacoronavirus infection.

TL;DR: VirusSeeker is presented, a BLAST-based NGS data analysis pipeline designed for both novel virus discovery and virome composition analysis and has been successfully applied in several previously published virome studies.

TL;DR: A simple template enrichment protocol for rapid detection and accurate characterization of avian RNA viruses is demonstrated.

TL;DR: Data suggest that high contact rates among specific bat species enable the acquisition and spread of coronaviruses, and a general clustering by geographic location rather than by bat species is revealed.

TL;DR: Findings provide evidence that 2'FL might function as a broadly reactive antiviral against multiple norovirus genogroups, and highlight the conserved nature of HBGA binding site between prevalent GII noroviruses.

TL;DR: It is demonstrated that nonstructural protein 5 (nsp5) of PDCoV, the 3C-like protease, significantly inhibits Sendai virus (SEV)-induced IFN-β production by targeting the NF-κB essential modulator (NEMO), confirmed by the diminished function of NEMO cleaved byPDCoV.

TL;DR: Phylogenetic analyses showed that LIPyV is related to the raccoon PyV identified in neuroglial tumours in free-ranging raccoons and future biological and epidemiological studies are needed to confirm the human tropism and provide insights into its biological properties.

TL;DR: Results indicate that the S2 glycoprotein subunit contains major antigenic determinants and, perhaps, the immunodominant neutralizing epitopes of PEDV.

TL;DR: It is demonstrated that DENV infection causes an imbalance in mitochondrial dynamics by inhibiting Drp1-triggered mitochondrial fission, which promotes viral replication.

TL;DR: A novel post-translation modification of the CoV N protein is identified that may play a regulatory role for this important structural protein and requires virus infection.

TL;DR: This work finds that an HIV-1 antisense transcript expressed from the 3′LTR and encoding the antisense protein ASP promotes proviral latency through the PRC2 pathway, and shows that this transcript interacts with and recruitsPRC2 to the HIV- 1 5′L TR, increasing accumulation of the suppressive epigenetic mark H3K27me3, while reducing RNA Polymerase II and thus proviral transcription.

TL;DR: This review focuses on VACV and other DNA or RNA viruses that stimulate the MEK (MAPK - Mitogen Activated Protein Kinase)/ERK- Extracellular signal-Regulated Kinase) pathway as part of their replication cycle.

TL;DR: This study provides the foundation for exploration of tissue-specific expression in response to TSWV and functional analysis of thrips gene function, possibly reflecting the link between thrips development and the virus dissemination route in the vector.

TL;DR: A critical role of cholesterol in maintaining IAV and RSV membrane structure that is essential for sustaining viral stability and infectivity is indicated.

TL;DR: Findings indicate that clathrin-mediated endocytosis and endosomes play an important role in the transport of TYLCV across the whitefly midgut.

TL;DR: Interestingly, the set of miRs that may be selectively packaged in HPV16 E6/E7 extracellular vesicles is predicted to inhibit necrosis and apoptosis.

TL;DR: A comprehensive genetic characterization, molecular, epidemiological and evolutionary analyses were conducted on nearly full-length sequences of 91 new negevirus isolates obtained in Brazil, Colombia, Peru, Panama, USA and Nepal, demonstrating that these arthropod restricted viruses are clustered in two major phylogenetic groups with origins related to three plant virus genera.

TL;DR: The data obtained in this study reveal a remarkable degree of structural and functional conservation of 5′-terminal RNA structural elements across coronavirus genus boundaries.

TL;DR: It is demonstrated that CD163 is not necessary for infection with the Georgia 2007/1 isolate, which rules out a significant role for CD163 in ASFV infection and creates opportunities to focus on alternative receptors and entry mechanisms.

TL;DR: Phylogenetic analyses delineate five genera within the family and suggest that members of the families Iridoviridae, Ascovir Families, and Marseilleviridae compromise a monophyletic lineage in which ascoviruses are most closely related to invertebrate iridovIRuses.

TL;DR: This work reviews patterns of host range and virulence of ranaviruses in the context of virus genotype and postulate that patterns reflect significant variation in the historical and current host range of three groups of Ranavirus: FV3-like, CMTV-like and ATV-like ranavirus.

TL;DR: It was showed that PEDV inhibited NF-κB activity and nsp1 was a potent NF-σB antagonist for suppression of both IFN and early production of pro-inflammatory cytokines.

TL;DR: R reverse genetics analysis suggested the presence of a cis-acting element at the 5′-terminus of the nsp1-coding region, which contributes to the specific recognition of viral RNA that is required for an efficient viral replication.

TL;DR: It is implied that EV-A71 has high genetic plasticity by modulating positively-charged residues at the five-fold axis during in vitro heparin adaptation.

TL;DR: Chikungunya patients with rs179010-CC genotype showed significantly high IFN-α level, suggesting these TLR variants might act as potential prognostic biomarkers for predicting CHIKV susceptibility among unin infected individuals.

TL;DR: It is indicated that the extent of MERS-CoV adaptation determines the minimal infectious dose required to achieve severe respiratory disease.

TL;DR: It is argued that classification of these viruses has to be revised and the current genus upgraded to the family level because of the sequence diversity within the expanding Bacilladnavirus genus.