Journal ArticleDOI
A nondestructive method for determining the spring constant of cantilevers for scanning force microscopy
TLDR
The spring constant of microfabricated cantilevers used in scanning force microscopy (SFM) can be determined by measuring their resonant frequencies before and after adding small end masses as mentioned in this paper.Abstract:
The spring constant of microfabricated cantilevers used in scanning force microscopy (SFM) can be determined by measuring their resonant frequencies before and after adding small end masses These masses adhere naturally and can be easily removed before using the cantilever for SFM, making the method nondestructive The observed variability in spring constant—almost an order of magnitude for a single type of cantilever—necessitates calibration of individual cantilevers in work where precise knowledge of forces is required Measurements also revealed that the spring constant scales with the cube of the unloaded resonant frequency, providing a simple way to estimate the spring constant for less precise workread more
Citations
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Calibration of atomic‐force microscope tips
TL;DR: In this article, the authors describe a simple, nondestructive procedure for measuring the force constant, resonant frequency, and quality factor of an AFM cantilever spring and the effective radius of curvature of an AU tip.
Journal ArticleDOI
Force measurements with the atomic force microscope: Technique, interpretation and applications
TL;DR: The atomic force microscope (AFM) is not only used to image the topography of solid surfaces at high resolution but also to measure force-versus-distance curves as discussed by the authors, which provide valuable information on local material properties such as elasticity, hardness, Hamaker constant, adhesion and surface charge densities.
Journal ArticleDOI
Calibration of rectangular atomic force microscope cantilevers
TL;DR: In this article, a method to determine the spring constant of a rectangular atomic force microscope cantilever is proposed that relies solely on the measurement of the resonant frequency and quality factor of the cantilevers in fluid (typically air), and knowledge of its plan view dimensions.
Journal ArticleDOI
Natural and biomimetic artificial surfaces for superhydrophobicity, self-cleaning, low adhesion, and drag reduction
Bharat Bhushan,Yong Chae Jung +1 more
TL;DR: In this paper, the theoretical mechanisms of the wetting of rough surfaces are presented followed by the characterization of natural leaf surfaces and a comprehensive review is presented on artificial super-hydrophobic surfaces fabricated using various fabrication techniques and the influence of micro-, nano-and hierarchical structures on superhydrophobicity, self-cleaning, low adhesion, and drag reduction.
Journal ArticleDOI
Force-distance curves by atomic force microscopy
Bruno Cappella,Giovanni Dietler +1 more
TL;DR: Atomic force microscopy (AFM) force-distance curves have become a fundamental tool in several fields of research, such as surface science, materials engineering, biochemistry and biology.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI
Atomic force microscope
TL;DR: The atomic force microscope as mentioned in this paper is a combination of the principles of the scanning tunneling microscope and the stylus profilometer, which was proposed as a method to measure forces as small as 10-18 N. As one application for this concept, they introduce a new type of microscope capable of investigating surfaces of insulators on an atomic scale.
Journal ArticleDOI
Direct measurement of colloidal forces using an atomic force microscope
TL;DR: In this article, the authors used the atomic force microscope to measure the forces between a planar surface and an individual colloid particle, a silica sphere of radius 3.5 µm, attached to the force sensor in the microscope and measured in solutions of sodium chloride.
Journal ArticleDOI
Measurement of forces between two mica surfaces in aqueous electrolyte solutions in the range 0–100 nm
TL;DR: The main results and conclusions of experimental measurements of the forces between molecularly smooth mica surfaces in aqueous electrolyte solutions are as follows: as mentioned in this paper, and they are based on the following assumptions:
Book
Shock and vibration handbook
TL;DR: The third edition of the Handbook as discussed by the authors provides a wealth of detailed information on all aspects of shock and vibration, including instrumentation and measurements, data analysis and testing, methods of control, solutions to engineering problems and effects of vibration on people.
Journal ArticleDOI
Novel optical approach to atomic force microscopy
Gerhard Meyer,Nabil M. Amer +1 more
TL;DR: In this article, a simple optical method for detecting the cantilever deflection in atomic force microscopy is described, and the method is incorporated in an atomic force microscope, and imaging and force measurements, in ultrahigh vacuum, are successfully performed.