A review of the international trade in amphibians: the types, levels and dynamics of trade in CITES-listed species
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TLDR
The trade in amphibians is dynamic, and changes in both the types of trade and the species concerned were identified over the study period, and these require greater attention.Abstract:
Globally, amphibians face many potential threats, including international trade. However, there is a lack of knowledge regarding the types, levels and dynamics of the amphibian trade at the global scale. This study reviewed the trade in CITES-listed species between 1976 and 2007. Four main trade groups (eggs, skins, meat and individuals) were identified. Trade in amphibian leather focused on Hoplobatrachus tigerinus (5,572 individuals), whereas trade in eggs focused on Ambystoma mexicanum (6,027 eggs). However, for the entire study period (1976–2007), trade in skins and eggs was small compared with trade in meat and live animals. The meat trade was estimated to be worth > USD 111 million, whereas the trade in live animals was estimated to be worth > USD 11.5 million in only three of the genera involved. Trade dynamics have changed as a result of changes in legislation, such as a ban on H. tigerinus exports from Bangladesh for meat. Within the live trade 22 species categorized as either Critically Endangered or Endangered were traded during the study period, and these require greater attention. International trade and potential conservation benefits are affected by countries supplying captive-bred individuals to their domestic markets as this trade goes unrecorded. However, this study only investigated trade in species listed by CITES, and other species may comprise a significant additional component of international trade. The trade in amphibians is dynamic, and changes in both the types of trade and the species concerned were identified over the study period. Conservation concerns have multiplied from issues concerning population depletions to include indirect impacts associated with disease, predation and competition, which requires a reappraisal of data capture and reporting.read more
Citations
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Recent Asian origin of chytrid fungi causing global amphibian declines
Simon J. O’Hanlon,Adrien Rieux,Rhys A. Farrer,Gonçalo M. Rosa,Gonçalo M. Rosa,Bruce Waldman,Arnaud Bataille,Tiffany A. Kosch,Tiffany A. Kosch,Kris A. Murray,Balázs Brankovics,Matteo Fumagalli,Matteo Fumagalli,Michael D. Martin,Michael D. Martin,Nathan Wales,Mario Alvarado-Rybak,Kieran A. Bates,Lee Berger,Susanne Böll,Lola Brookes,Frances C. Clare,Elodie A. Courtois,Andrew A. Cunningham,Thomas M. Doherty-Bone,Pria Ghosh,Pria Ghosh,David J. Gower,William E. Hintz,Jacob Höglund,Thomas S. Jenkinson,Chun-Fu Lin,Anssi Laurila,Adeline Loyau,Adeline Loyau,An Martel,Sara Meurling,Claude Miaud,Pete Minting,Frank Pasmans,Dirk S. Schmeller,Dirk S. Schmeller,Benedikt R. Schmidt,Jennifer M. G. Shelton,Lee F. Skerratt,Freya Smith,Claudio Soto-Azat,Matteo Spagnoletti,Giulia Tessa,Luís Felipe Toledo,Andrés Valenzuela-Sánchez,Ruhan Verster,Judit Vörös,Rebecca J. Webb,Claudia Wierzbicki,Emma Wombwell,Kelly R. Zamudio,David M. Aanensen,Timothy Y. James,M. Thomas P. Gilbert,M. Thomas P. Gilbert,Ché Weldon,Jaime Bosch,Francois Balloux,Trenton W. J. Garner,Matthew C. Fisher +65 more
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References
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Simon N. Stuart,Janice Chanson,Neil A. Cox,Bruce E. Young,Ana S. L. Rodrigues,Debra L. Fischman,Robert W. Waller +6 more
TL;DR: The first global assessment of amphibians provides new context for the well-publicized phenomenon of amphibian declines and shows declines are nonrandom in terms of species' ecological preferences, geographic ranges, and taxonomic associations and are most prevalent among Neotropical montane, stream-associated species.
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TL;DR: Public attitudes about the need for conservation of reptiles are probably linked to concern about amphibian declines and deformities, and counts of “officially” recognized endangered and threatened species are likely to grossly underestimate the actual number of imperiled s pecies.
Journal ArticleDOI
Are we in the midst of the sixth mass extinction? A view from the world of amphibians
TL;DR: A general message from amphibians is that the authors may have little time to stave off a potential mass extinction, and it is shown that salamanders on tropical mountains are particularly at risk.
Journal ArticleDOI
The biological importance of the Eastern Arc Mountains of Tanzania and Kenya
Neil Burgess,Thomas M. Butynski,Norbert J. Cordeiro,Norbert J. Cordeiro,Nike Doggart,Jon Fjeldså,Kim M. Howell,F.B. Kilahama,Simon P. Loader,Jon C. Lovett,Boniface Mbilinyi,Michele Menegon,David Moyer,Evarist Nashanda,Andrew Perkin,Francesco Rovero,William T. Stanley,Simon N. Stuart +17 more
TL;DR: The Eastern Arc Mountains are renowned in Africa for high concentrations of endemic species of animals and plants as mentioned in this paper, split as follows: 10 mammal, 19 bird, 29 reptile and 38 amphibian species.
Journal ArticleDOI
Environmental and historical constraints on global patterns of amphibian richness
Lauren B. Buckley,Walter Jetz +1 more
TL;DR: A global analysis of contemporary environmental and historical constraints on amphibian richness is presented, the first for an ectotherm clade at this scale and confirms that ecophysiological constraints extend to the broad scale.
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