Acyl substrate preferences of an IAA-amido synthetase account for variations in grape (Vitis vinifera L.) berry ripening caused by different auxinic compounds indicating the importance of auxin conjugation in plant development
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Grape berry ripening was not affected by IAA application prior to veraison but was considerably delayed by NAA and even more so by BTOA, which further indicate an important role for GH3 proteins in controlling auxin-related plant developmental processes.Abstract:
Nine Gretchen Hagen (GH3) genes were identified in grapevine (Vitis vinifera L.) and six of these were predicted on the basis of protein sequence similarity to act as indole-3-acetic acid (IAA)-amido synthetases. The activity of these enzymes is thought to be important in controlling free IAA levels and one auxin-inducible grapevine GH3 protein, GH3-1, has previously been implicated in the berry ripening process. Ex planta assays showed that the expression of only one other GH3 gene, GH3-2, increased following the treatment of grape berries with auxinic compounds. One of these was the naturally occurring IAA and the other two were synthetic, α-naphthalene acetic acid (NAA) and benzothiazole-2-oxyacetic acid (BTOA). The determination of steady-state kinetic parameters for the recombinant GH3-1 and GH3-2 proteins revealed that both enzymes efficiently conjugated aspartic acid (Asp) to IAA and less well to NAA, while BTOA was a poor substrate. GH3-2 gene expression was induced by IAA treatment of pre-ripening berries with an associated increase in levels of IAA-Asp and a decrease in free IAA levels. This indicates that GH3-2 responded to excess auxin to maintain low levels of free IAA. Grape berry ripening was not affected by IAA application prior to veraison (ripening onset) but was considerably delayed by NAA and even more so by BTOA. The differential effects of the three auxinic compounds on berry ripening can therefore be explained by the induction and acyl substrate specificity of GH3-2. These results further indicate an important role for GH3 proteins in controlling auxin-related plant developmental processes.read more
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Role of plant hormones and their interplay in development and ripening of fleshy fruits
TL;DR: The new knowledge on their relative roles during tomato fruit development is evaluated with a view to understand their mechanism of action in fleshy fruits and it is envisaged that such detailed knowledge will help design new strategies for effective manipulation of fruit ripening.
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Auxin biosynthesis and storage forms
TL;DR: The many ways auxin levels are regulated through biosynthesis, storage forms, and inactivation are discussed, and the potential roles modified auxins play in regulating the bioactive pool of auxin to affect plant growth and development are discussed.
Journal ArticleDOI
Berry ripening: recently heard through the grapevine
Nathalie Kuhn,Le Guan,Le Guan,Zhanwu Dai,Benhong Wu,Virginie Lauvergeat,Eric Gomès,Shaohua Li,Francisca Godoy,Patricio Arce-Johnson,Serge Delrot +10 more
TL;DR: The review summarizes recent data related to the molecular and hormonal control of grape berry development and ripening, with special emphasis on secondary metabolism and its response to the environment, and pinpoints some experimental limitations.
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Genome-wide investigation and expression analysis suggest diverse roles of auxin-responsive GH3 genes during development and response to different stimuli in tomato (Solanum lycopersicum)
TL;DR: The present study characterizes GH3 gene family of tomato and its evolutionary relationship with members of this family from other Solanaceae species and Arabidopsis to help in the identification of GH3 genes and revelation of their function during vegetative/reproductive development stages from otherSolanaceae members.
Journal ArticleDOI
The Basic Leucine Zipper Transcription Factor ABSCISIC ACID RESPONSE ELEMENT-BINDING FACTOR2 Is an Important Transcriptional Regulator of Abscisic Acid-Dependent Grape Berry Ripening Processes
Philippe Nicolas,David Lecourieux,Christian Kappel,Stéphanie Cluzet,Grant R. Cramer,Serge Delrot,Fatma Lecourieux +6 more
TL;DR: This work characterizes ABSCISIC ACID RESPONSE ELEMENT-BINDING FACTOR2 (VvABF2), a grape basic leucine zipper transcription factor belonging to a phylogenetic subgroup previously shown to be involved in ABA and abiotic stress signaling in other plant species.
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