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Applications of 2D MXenes in energy conversion and storage systems

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TLDR
The potential of MXenes for the photocatalytic degradation of organic pollutants in water, such as dye waste, is addressed, along with their promise as catalysts for ammonium synthesis from nitrogen.
Abstract
Transition metal carbides and nitrides (MXenes), a family of two-dimensional (2D) inorganic compounds, are materials composed of a few atomic layers of transition metal carbides, nitrides, or carbonitrides. Ti3C2, the first 2D layered MXene, was isolated in 2011. This material, which is a layered bulk material analogous to graphite, was derived from its 3D phase, Ti3AlC2 MAX. Since then, material scientists have either determined or predicted the stable phases of >200 different MXenes based on combinations of various transition metals such as Ti, Mo, V, Cr, and their alloys with C and N. Extensive experimental and theoretical studies have shown their exciting potential for energy conversion and electrochemical storage. To this end, we comprehensively summarize the current advances in MXene research. We begin by reviewing the structure types and morphologies and their fabrication routes. The review then discusses the mechanical, electrical, optical, and electrochemical properties of MXenes. The focus then turns to their exciting potential in energy storage and conversion. Energy storage applications include electrodes in rechargeable lithium- and sodium-ion batteries, lithium-sulfur batteries, and supercapacitors. In terms of energy conversion, photocatalytic fuel production, such as hydrogen evolution from water splitting, and carbon dioxide reduction are presented. The potential of MXenes for the photocatalytic degradation of organic pollutants in water, such as dye waste, is also addressed, along with their promise as catalysts for ammonium synthesis from nitrogen. Finally, their application potential is summarized.

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Hierarchical Mesoporous MXene-NiCoP Electrocatalyst for Water-Splitting.

TL;DR: Exfoliated Ti3C2 MXenes serve as a substrate to perpendicularly grow uniform mesoporous NiCoP nanosheets through an in-situ interface-growth strategy and subsequent phosphorization, which exhibits supe-rior overall water-splitting performance to its building-block counterparts, matching to the state-of-the-art water- Splitting electrocatalysts.
Journal ArticleDOI

Beyond Gold: Spin‐Coated Ti3C2‐Based MXene Photodetectors

TL;DR: By simply spin-coating transparent Ti3 C2 -based MXene electrodes from aqueous suspensions onto GaAs patterned with a photoresist and lifted off with acetone, photodetectors that outperform more standard Au electrodes are fabricated.
Journal ArticleDOI

Recent progress of separators in lithium-sulfur batteries

TL;DR: Li-S separators have attracted considerable attention due to their advantages, such as high specific capacity, high energy density, environmental friendliness, and low cost as mentioned in this paper, but the practical application of Li-S batteries is limited by some severe faults such as the dissolution and migration of polysulfides, the insulation and volume expansion during the cycling of elemental sulfur.
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Combining theory and experiment in electrocatalysis: Insights into materials design

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Two‐Dimensional Nanocrystals Produced by Exfoliation of Ti 3 AlC 2

TL;DR: 2D nanosheets, composed of a few Ti 3 C 2 layers and conical scrolls, produced by the room temperature exfoliation of Ti 3 AlC 2 in hydrofl uoric acid are reported, which opens a door to the synthesis of a large number of other 2D crystals.
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