Journal ArticleDOI
Applications of 2D MXenes in energy conversion and storage systems
Jinbo Pang,Rafael G. Mendes,Rafael G. Mendes,Alicja Bachmatiuk,Alicja Bachmatiuk,Alicja Bachmatiuk,Liang Zhao,Huy Q. Ta,Thomas Gemming,Hong Liu,Hong Liu,Zhongfan Liu,Zhongfan Liu,Mark H. Rümmeli,Mark H. Rümmeli,Mark H. Rümmeli +15 more
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TLDR
The potential of MXenes for the photocatalytic degradation of organic pollutants in water, such as dye waste, is addressed, along with their promise as catalysts for ammonium synthesis from nitrogen.Abstract:
Transition metal carbides and nitrides (MXenes), a family of two-dimensional (2D) inorganic compounds, are materials composed of a few atomic layers of transition metal carbides, nitrides, or carbonitrides. Ti3C2, the first 2D layered MXene, was isolated in 2011. This material, which is a layered bulk material analogous to graphite, was derived from its 3D phase, Ti3AlC2 MAX. Since then, material scientists have either determined or predicted the stable phases of >200 different MXenes based on combinations of various transition metals such as Ti, Mo, V, Cr, and their alloys with C and N. Extensive experimental and theoretical studies have shown their exciting potential for energy conversion and electrochemical storage. To this end, we comprehensively summarize the current advances in MXene research. We begin by reviewing the structure types and morphologies and their fabrication routes. The review then discusses the mechanical, electrical, optical, and electrochemical properties of MXenes. The focus then turns to their exciting potential in energy storage and conversion. Energy storage applications include electrodes in rechargeable lithium- and sodium-ion batteries, lithium-sulfur batteries, and supercapacitors. In terms of energy conversion, photocatalytic fuel production, such as hydrogen evolution from water splitting, and carbon dioxide reduction are presented. The potential of MXenes for the photocatalytic degradation of organic pollutants in water, such as dye waste, is also addressed, along with their promise as catalysts for ammonium synthesis from nitrogen. Finally, their application potential is summarized.read more
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Nitrogen-Doped Mesoporous Carbon Promoted Chemical Adsorption of Sulfur and Fabrication of High-Areal-Capacity Sulfur Cathode with Exceptional Cycling Stability for Lithium-Sulfur Batteries
TL;DR: In this article, a mesoporous nitrogen-doped carbon (MPNC)-sulfur nanocomposite is reported as a novel cathode for advanced Li-S batteries.
Pseudocapacitive Electrodes Produced By Oxidant-Free Polymerization of Pyrrole Between the Layers of 2D Titanium Carbide (MXene)
TL;DR: Heterocyclic pyrrole molecules are in situ aligned and polymerized in the absence of an oxidant between layers of the 2D Ti3C2Tx (MXene), resulting in high volumetric and gravimetric capacitances with capacitance retention of 92% after 25,000 cycles at a 100 mV s(-1) scan rate as discussed by the authors.
Journal ArticleDOI
Nanomaterials: a review of synthesis methods, properties, recent progress, and challenges
TL;DR: Nanomaterials have emerged as an amazing class of materials that consists of a broad spectrum of examples with at least one dimension in the range of 1 to 100 nm as discussed by the authors.
Journal ArticleDOI
A general Lewis acidic etching route for preparing MXenes with enhanced electrochemical performance in non-aqueous electrolyte
Youbing Li,Hui Shao,Hui Shao,Zifeng Lin,Jun Lu,Liyuan Liu,Liyuan Liu,Benjamin Duployer,Benjamin Duployer,Per Persson,Per Eklund,Lars Hultman,Mian Li,Ke Chen,Xian-Hu Zha,Shiyu Du,Patrick Rozier,Patrick Rozier,Zhifang Chai,Encarnacion Raymundo-Piñero,Encarnacion Raymundo-Piñero,Pierre-Louis Taberna,Pierre-Louis Taberna,Patrice Simon,Patrice Simon,Patrice Simon,Qing Huang +26 more
TL;DR: A generic Lewis acidic etching route for preparing high-rate negative-electrode MXenes with enhanced electrochemical performance in non-aqueous electrolyte is proposed and validated by the synthesis of various MXenes from unconventional MAX-phase precursors with A elements Si, Zn and Ga.
Journal ArticleDOI
Two-dimensional MXenes: From morphological to optical, electric, and magnetic properties and applications
Xiantao Jiang,Artem V. Kuklin,Alexander Baev,Yanqi Ge,Hans Ågren,Hans Ågren,Han Zhang,Paras N. Prasad +7 more
TL;DR: In this article, the state-of-the-art progress on MXene theory, materials synthesis techniques, morphology modifications, opto-electro-magnetic properties, and their applications are comprehensively discussed.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI
Nanostructured positive electrode materials for post-lithium ion batteries
Faxing Wang,Xiongwei Wu,Chunyang Li,Yusong Zhu,Lijun Fu,Yuping Wu,Yuping Wu,Yuping Wu,Xiang Liu +8 more
TL;DR: In this article, a review of the state-of-the-art research activities in the area of nanostructured positive electrode materials for post-lithium ion batteries is presented.
Journal ArticleDOI
Reduction potential of the carbon dioxide/carbon dioxide radical anion: a comparison with other C1 radicals
Willem H. Koppenol,J. D. Rush +1 more
TL;DR: In this article, the Gibbs energy of solution (..delta../sub s/G/sup 0/) of the formate radical, CO/sub 2/sup -/. is calculated based on the observed similarity of Gibbs energies of solution of bent triatomic anions which are structurally related to CO /sub 2//sup -/, and the reduction potentials calculated allow a complete oxidation-state diagram of C/sub 1/ compounds containing hydrogen and oxygen to be constructed.
Journal ArticleDOI
Synthesis of MXene/Ag Composites for Extraordinary Long Cycle Lifetime Lithium Storage at High Rates
Guodong Zou,Zhiwei Zhang,Jianxin Guo,Baozhong Liu,Qingrui Zhang,Carlos Fernandez,Qiuming Peng +6 more
TL;DR: The results show that Ag self-reduction in MXene solution is related to the existence of low-valence Ti, and the as-received MXene/Ag composite can be deemed as an excellent anode material for lithium-ion batteries, exhibiting an extraordinary long cycle lifetime with a large capacity at high charge-discharge rates.
Journal ArticleDOI
Electrochemical performance of α-Fe2O3 nanorods as anode material for lithium-ion cells
TL;DR: In this article, a facile hydrothermal method was used to synthesize α-Fe2O3 nanorods with diameters in the range of 60-80nm and lengths extending from 300 to 500nm.
Journal ArticleDOI
Highly stable and ultrafast electrode reaction of graphite for sodium ion batteries
TL;DR: In this paper, it was shown that graphite undergoes a stage-evolution mechanism induced by the insertion of solvated sodium ions, which should be responsible for the obtained superior electrode properties.