Journal ArticleDOI
Assembly of a new growth cone after axotomy: the precursor to axon regeneration
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TLDR
In axons that lack regenerative capacity, such as those of the mammalian CNS, several of the steps required for regeneration fail, and these axons do not begin the growth process.Abstract:
The assembly of a new growth cone is a prerequisite for axon regeneration after injury. Creation of a new growth cone involves multiple processes, including calcium signalling, restructuring of the cytoskeleton, transport of materials, local translation of messenger RNAs and the insertion of new membrane and cell surface molecules. In axons that have an intrinsic ability to regenerate, these processes are executed in a timely fashion. However, in axons that lack regenerative capacity, such as those of the mammalian CNS, several of the steps that are required for regeneration fail, and these axons do not begin the growth process. Identification of the points of failure can suggest targets for promoting regeneration.read more
Citations
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The repair Schwann cell and its function in regenerating nerves
Kristjan R. Jessen,Rhona Mirsky +1 more
TL;DR: The transcription factor c‐Jun, although not required for Schwann cell development, is therefore central to the reprogramming of myelin and non‐myelin (Remak) Schwann cells to repair cells after injury.
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Building the Neuronal Microtubule Cytoskeleton
TL;DR: The functions of the neuronal microtubules cytoskeleton, its architecture, and the way its organization and dynamics are shaped by microtubule-related proteins are highlighted.
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Intrinsic Control of Axon Regeneration
Zhigang He,Yishi Jin +1 more
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors examine the current understanding of axon regeneration mechanisms at cellular and molecular terms and discuss their potential implications for promoting axon recovery and functional recovery after nerve injury.
Journal ArticleDOI
Cell biology of spinal cord injury and repair
TL;DR: Spinal cord injury (SCI) lesions present diverse challenges for repair strategies, and the emerging understanding of how SCI cell biology differs across lesion compartments is fundamental to developing rationally targeted repair strategies.
Journal ArticleDOI
Systemic administration of epothilone B promotes axon regeneration after spinal cord injury
Jörg Ruschel,Farida Hellal,Kevin C. Flynn,Sebastian Dupraz,David A. Elliott,Andrea Tedeschi,Margaret L. Bates,Christopher Sliwinski,Gary A. Brook,Kristina Dobrindt,Michael Peitz,Oliver Brüstle,Michael D. Norenberg,Armin Blesch,Norbert Weidner,Mary Bartlett Bunge,John L. Bixby,Frank Bradke +17 more
TL;DR: Delayed systemic administration of a blood-brain barrier–permeable microtubule-stabilizing drug, epothilone B (epoB), decreased scarring after rodent spinal cord injury (SCI) and promoted axon regeneration and improved motor function after SCI.
References
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CNS Injury, Glial Scars, and Inflammation: Inhibitory extracellular matrices and regeneration failure
Michael T. Fitch,Jerry Silver +1 more
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Neural plasticity after peripheral nerve injury and regeneration.
TL;DR: An important direction for ongoing research is the development of therapeutic strategies that enhance axonal regeneration, promote selective target reinnervation, but are also able to modulate central nervous system reorganization, amplifying those positive adaptive changes that help to improve functional recovery but also diminishing undesirable consequences.
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Regeneration of dorsal column fibers into and beyond the lesion site following adult spinal cord injury.
Simona Neumann,Clifford J. Woolf +1 more
TL;DR: This work has investigated whether increasing the intrinsic growth state of primary sensory neurons by a conditioning peripheral nerve lesion increases regrowth of their central axons during regeneration following adult mammalian CNS injury.
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In vivo imaging of axonal degeneration and regeneration in the injured spinal cord.
TL;DR: Monitoring individual fluorescent axons in the spinal cords of living transgenic mice over several days after spinal injury suggests that time-lapse imaging of spinal Cord injury may provide a powerful analytical tool for assessing the pathogenesis of spinal cord injury and for evaluating therapies that enhance regeneration.