Journal ArticleDOI
Atom Transfer Radical Polymerization in Continuous Microflow Effect of Process Parameters
Dambarudhar Parida,Christophe A. Serra,Rigoberto Ibarra Gomez,Dhiraj K. Garg,Yannick Hoarau,Michel Bouquey,René Muller +6 more
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In this paper, the synthesis of 2-(dimethylamino)ethyl methacrylate by atom transfer radical polymerization (ATRP) in tubular microreactors was reported.Abstract:
We report on the synthesis of 2-(dimethylamino)ethyl methacrylate by atom transfer radical polymerization (ATRP) in tubular microreactors. Different process parameters, temperature, pressure, and shear rate, were considered to accelerate the reaction. Increase in temperature induced a faster reaction, but controlled nature of ATRP decreased past a threshold value that can be increased up to 95 °C by reducing the residence time. Positive effect of pressure was observed since significant increases in monomer conversion (+12.5 %) and molecular weight (+5,000 g/mol) were obtained. Moreover, polydispersity index was found to decrease from 1.52 at normal pressure to 1.44 at 100 bars. Benefit of pressure was more visible in smaller reaction space (smaller tube diameter). Finally, shear rate has quite an influence on the early stage of the polymerization and is expressed by an increase in the reaction rate. However, the effect was dimed for long residence times.read more
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Challenges and Recent Developments of Photoflow-Reversible Deactivation Radical Polymerization (RDRP)
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors summarize challenges and recent achievements in photoflow-RDRP including the development of droplet/slug-flow to regulate residence time distribution, mixing techniques to tailor polymer, polymerization induced self-assembly, and computer-aided synthesis.
Journal ArticleDOI
Systematic Review on the Effects, Roles and Methods of Magnetic Particle Coatings in Magnetorheological Materials
Siti Khumaira Mohd Jamari,Nur Azmah Nordin,Ubaidillah,Siti Aishah Abdul Aziz,Nurhazimah Nazmi,Saiful Amri Mazlan +5 more
TL;DR: The role of particle coating in MR materials with the effects gained from grafting the magnetic particles is investigated and the coating methods employed are discussed.
References
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Book
Chemical Reaction Engineering
TL;DR: An overview of Chemical Reaction Engineering is presented, followed by an introduction to Reactor Design, and a discussion of the Dispersion Model.
Journal ArticleDOI
Dispersion of soluble matter in solvent flowing slowly through a tube
TL;DR: In this paper, it was shown analytically that the distribution of concentration produced in this way is centred on a point which moves with the mean speed of flow and is symmetrical about it in spite of the asymmetry of the flow.
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Controlled/living radical polymerization: Features, developments, and perspectives
TL;DR: In this article, a review of recent mechanistic developments in the field of controlled/living radical polymerization (CRP) is presented, with particular emphasis on structure-reactivity correlations and "rules" for catalyst selection in ATRP, for chain transfer agent selection in reversible addition-fragmentation chain transfer (RAFT) polymerization, and for the selection of an appropriate mediating agent in stable free radical polymerisation (SFRP), including organic and transition metal persistent radicals.
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Atom Transfer Radical Polymerization in Supercritical Carbon Dioxide
TL;DR: Atom transfer radical polymerization (ATRP) has been successfully carried out in supercritical carbon dioxide (scCO2) for the polymerization of fluorinated (meth)acrylates as mentioned in this paper.
Journal ArticleDOI
Free Radical Polymerization in Microreactors. Significant Improvement in Molecular Weight Distribution Control
Takeshi Iwasaki,Jun-ichi Yoshida +1 more
TL;DR: In this article, the thermal decomposition of a radical initiator, AIBN, in a micro-reactor was examined, and the plots of unchanged AIBN against the residence time fitted well to the calculated one based on the bath temperature, indicating the efficient heat transfer through the wall of the microreactor.