Beyond Tumor Mutation Burden: Tumor Neoantigen Burden as a Biomarker for Immunotherapy and Other Types of Therapy.
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TLDR
In this paper, the potential application of tumor neoantigen burden (TNB) as a biomarker for immunotherapy and other types of therapy was evaluated and the mechanisms involved in TNB were investigated.Abstract:
Immunotherapy has significantly improved the clinical outcome of patients with cancer. However, the immune response rate varies greatly, possibly due to lack of effective biomarkers that can be used to distinguish responders from non-responders. Recently, clinical studies have associated high tumor neoantigen burden (TNB) with improved outcomes in patients treated with immunotherapy. Therefore, TNB has emerged as a biomarker for immunotherapy and other types of therapy. In the present review, the potential application of TNB as a biomarker was evaluated. The methods of neoantigen prediction were summarized and the mechanisms involved in TNB were investigated. The impact of high TNB and increased number of infiltrating immune cells on the efficacy of immunotherapy was also addressed. Finally, the future challenges of TNB were discussed.read more
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References
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Efficacy and biomarker analysis of nivolumab plus gemcitabine and cisplatin in patients with unresectable or metastatic biliary tract cancers: results from a phase II study.
Kaichao Feng,Yang Liu,Yongtian Zhao,Qingming Yang,Liang Dong,Jiejie Liu,Xiang Li,Zhikun Zhao,Qian Mei,Weidong Han +9 more
TL;DR: Nivolumab in combination with gemcitabine and cisplatin offers promising efficacy and a manageable safety profile for patients with advanced BTCs and fitness might be a biomarker for predicting clinical response.
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Neoantigen Load, Antigen Presentation Machinery, and Immune Signatures Determine Prognosis in Clear Cell Renal Cell Carcinoma.
Hirokazu Matsushita,Yusuke Sato,Takahiro Karasaki,Tohru Nakagawa,Haruki Kume,Seishi Ogawa,Yukio Homma,Kazuhiro Kakimi +7 more
TL;DR: In ccRCC the abundant neoepitopes associated with more effective antitumor immune responses were counterbalanced by a strongly immunosuppressive microenvironment, and blockade of these molecular pathways could be combined with immunotherapies targeting neoantigens to achieve synergistic antitumors activity.
Journal ArticleDOI
Neoantigens and genome instability: impact on immunogenomic phenotypes and immunotherapy response
TL;DR: An overview of current knowledge regarding the fundamentals of genome replication and of both germline and somatic alterations that disrupt normal replication, leading to various forms of genomic instability in cancers, to the resulting generation of neoantigens and, ultimately, to immune-responsive and resistant phenotypes is provided.