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Open AccessJournal ArticleDOI

Brassinosteroid signal transduction: from receptor kinase activation to transcriptional networks regulating plant development.

Steven D. Clouse
- 01 Apr 2011 - 
- Vol. 23, Iss: 4, pp 1219-1230
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TLDR
This review summarizes the current state of BR signal transduction research and then examines recent articles uncovering gene regulatory networks through which BR influences both vegetative and reproductive development.
Abstract
Brassinosteroid (BR) signal transduction research has progressed rapidly from the initial discovery of the BR receptor to a complete definition of the basic molecular components required to relay the BR signal from perception by receptor kinases at the cell surface to activation of a small family of transcription factors that regulate the expression of more than a thousand genes in a BR-dependent manner. These mechanistic advances have helped answer the intriguing question of how a single molecule, such as a hormone, can have dramatic pleiotropic effects on a broad range of diverse developmental pathways and have shed light on how BRs interact with other plant hormones and environmental cues to shape the growth of the whole plant. This review summarizes the current state of BR signal transduction research and then examines recent articles uncovering gene regulatory networks through which BR influences both vegetative and reproductive development.

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Journal ArticleDOI

Plant pattern recognition receptor complexes at the plasma membrane.

TL;DR: Recent studies describing the molecular interactions and protein modifications that occur between PRRs and their regulatory proteins have provided important mechanistic insight into how plants avoid infection and achieve immunity.
Journal ArticleDOI

Brassinosteroids: Multidimensional Regulators of Plant Growth, Development, and Stress Responses.

TL;DR: Recent progress toward understanding theBR pathway is summarized, including BR perception and the molecular mechanisms of BR signaling, and how knowledge of the BR pathway is being applied to manipulate the growth and stress responses of crops is shown.
Journal ArticleDOI

In Posidonia oceanica cadmium induces changes in DNA methylation and chromatin patterning

TL;DR: The data demonstrate that Cd perturbs the DNA methylation status through the involvement of a specific methyltransferase, linked to nuclear chromatin reconfiguration likely to establish a new balance of expressed/repressed chromatin.
Journal ArticleDOI

Brassinosteroid Signaling Network and Regulation of Photomorphogenesis

TL;DR: The molecular connections in the BR signaling network demonstrate a robust steroid signaling system that has evolved in plants to orchestrate signal transduction, genome expression, metabolism, defense, and development.
Journal ArticleDOI

Brassinosteroids inhibit pathogen-associated molecular pattern–triggered immune signaling independent of the receptor kinase BAK1

TL;DR: A unidirectional inhibition of FLS2-mediated immune signaling by BR perception is shown, suggesting a general mechanism operative in plants in which BR-mediated growth directly antagonizes innate immune signaling.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI

Cell signaling by receptor-tyrosine kinases

TL;DR: Understanding of the complex signaling networks downstream from RTKs and how alterations in these networks are translated into cellular responses provides an important context for therapeutically countering the effects of pathogenic RTK mutations in cancer and other diseases.
Journal ArticleDOI

Signaling by Receptor Tyrosine Kinases

TL;DR: The epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) is one member of the ERBB family of transmembrane gly-coprotein tyrosine receptor kinases (RTK) and stimulates intracellular signal transduction cascades that are involved in regulating cellular proliferation, differentiation, and survival.
Journal ArticleDOI

A Putative Leucine-Rich Repeat Receptor Kinase Involved in Brassinosteroid Signal Transduction

TL;DR: The identification of 18 Arabidopsis dwarf mutants that are unable to respond to exogenously added brassinosteroid, a phenotype that might be expected for brass inosteroid signaling mutants.
Journal ArticleDOI

GSK3 takes centre stage more than 20 years after its discovery.

TL;DR: These latest findings have generated an enormous amount of interest in the development of drugs that inhibit GSK3 and which may have therapeutic potential for the treatment of diabetes, stroke and Alzheimer's disease.
Journal ArticleDOI

BRASSINOSTEROIDS: Essential Regulators of Plant Growth and Development

TL;DR: This review examines the microchemical and molecular genetic analyses that have provided convincing evidence for an essential role of BRs in diverse developmental programs, including cell expansion, vascular differentiation, etiolation, and reproductive development.
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