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Journal ArticleDOI

Bruxism defined and graded: an international consensus

TLDR
The expert group defined bruxism as a repetitive jaw-muscle activity characterised by clenching or grinding of the teeth and/or by bracing or thrusting of the mandible and proposed a diagnostic grading system of 'possible', 'probable' and 'definite' sleep or awake bruXism.
Abstract
To date, there is no consensus about the definition and diagnostic grading of bruxism. A written consensus discussion was held among an international group of bruxism experts as to formulate a definition of bruxism and to suggest a grading system for its operationalisation. The expert group defined bruxism as a repetitive jaw-muscle activity characterised by clenching or grinding of the teeth and/or by bracing or thrusting of the mandible. Bruxism has two distinct circadian manifestations: it can occur during sleep (indicated as sleep bruxism) or during wakefulness (indicated as awake bruxism). For the operationalisation of this definition, the expert group proposes a diagnostic grading system of 'possible', 'probable' and 'definite' sleep or awake bruxism. The proposed definition and grading system are suggested for clinical and research purposes in all relevant dental and medical domains.

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Citations
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Journal ArticleDOI

Association between sleep bruxism and alcohol, caffeine, tobacco, and drug abuse: A systematic review.

TL;DR: On the basis of limited evidence, SB was associated positively with alcohol, caffeine, and tobacco and the association between the studied drugs could not be discredited; however, there is a need for stronger evidence based on studies with greater methodological rigor.
Journal ArticleDOI

Temporal association between sleep apnea-hypopnea and sleep bruxism events

TL;DR: In patients with concomitant obstructive sleep apnea–hypopnea syndrome and sleep bruxism, most sleep bruXism events occurred after sleep Apnea– Hypopnea events, suggesting that sleep bruzism events occurring close to sleep apne–hypoplnea events is a secondary form of sleep bru xism.
Journal ArticleDOI

Relationship between self-reported sleep bruxism and pain in patients with temporomandibular disorders.

TL;DR: There is a statistically significant association between self-reported sleep bruxism and women under age 60 who have painful symptoms of TMD and there is also a positive association between this parafunctional habit and the presence of chronic pain.
Journal ArticleDOI

The risk factors related to bruxism in children: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

TL;DR: The risk factors related to bruxism were male, gene, mixed position, moves a lot, anxiety, the nervous, psychological reactions, responsibility, secondhand smoke, snore loudly, restless sleep, sleep with light on, noise in room, "sleep hours, ≤8h", headache, objects biting, conduct problems, peer problems, emotional symptoms and mental health problems.
Journal ArticleDOI

Current Treatments of Bruxism

TL;DR: In patients with psychiatric and sleep comorbidities, the acute use of clonazepam at night has been reported to improve sleep bruxism, but in the absence of double-blind randomized trials, its use in general clinical practice cannot be recommended.
References
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Book

Principles and Practice of Sleep Medicine

TL;DR: Part 1: Normal Sleep and Its Variations; Part 2: Abnormal Sleep.
Journal ArticleDOI

Neuropathic pain Redefinition and a grading system for clinical and research purposes

TL;DR: A grading system of definite, probable, and possible neuropathic pain is proposed, which includes the grade possible, which can only be regarded as a working hypothesis, and the grades probable and definite, which require confirmatory evidence from a neurologic examination.
Journal ArticleDOI

The glossary of prosthodontic terms.

TL;DR: A triangular, full thickness flap from the lower lip used to fill in a deficit in the upper lip for the relief of deformity due to double harelip.
Journal ArticleDOI

Principles and Practice of Sleep Medicine

R. Stafford
- 28 Feb 2001 - 
Book

Orofacial pain : guidelines for assessment, diagnosis, and management

TL;DR: Introduction to orofacial pain assessment of oroFacial pain disorders diagnostic classification and management considerations for vascular and nonvascular intracranial disorders andmental disorders.
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