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Cardiac Outcomes After Screening for Asymptomatic Coronary Artery Disease in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes
Lawrence H. Young,J Frans,Deborah Chyun,Janice A. Davey,Eugene J. Barrett,Raymond Taillefer,Gary V. Heller,Ami E. Iskandrian,Steven D. Wittlin,Neil Filipchuk,Robert E. Ratner,Silvio E. Inzucchi +11 more
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TLDR
The Detection of Ischemia in Asymptomatic Diabetics (DIAD) study as discussed by the authors was a randomized controlled trial in which 1123 patients with type 2 diabetes and no symptoms of coronary artery disease were randomly assigned to be screened with adenosine-stress radionuclide myocardial perfusion imaging (MPI) or not.Abstract:
CONTEXT
Coronary artery disease (CAD) is the major cause of mortality and morbidity in patients with type 2 diabetes. But the utility of screening patients with type 2 diabetes for asymptomatic CAD is controversial.
OBJECTIVE
To assess whether routine screening for CAD identifies patients with type 2 diabetes as being at high cardiac risk and whether it affects their cardiac outcomes.
DESIGN, SETTING, AND PATIENTS
The Detection of Ischemia in Asymptomatic Diabetics (DIAD) study is a randomized controlled trial in which 1123 participants with type 2 diabetes and no symptoms of CAD were randomly assigned to be screened with adenosine-stress radionuclide myocardial perfusion imaging (MPI) or not to be screened. Participants were recruited from diabetes clinics and practices and prospectively followed up from August 2000 to September 2007.
MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE
Cardiac death or nonfatal myocardial infarction (MI).
RESULTS
The cumulative cardiac event rate was 2.9% over a mean (SD) follow-up of 4.8 (0.9) years for an average of 0.6% per year. Seven nonfatal MIs and 8 cardiac deaths (2.7%) occurred among the screened group and 10 nonfatal MIs and 7 cardiac deaths (3.0%) among the not-screened group (hazard ratio [HR], 0.88; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.44-1.88; P = .73). Of those in the screened group, 409 participants with normal results and 50 with small MPI defects had lower event rates than the 33 with moderate or large MPI defects; 0.4% per year vs 2.4% per year (HR, 6.3; 95% CI, 1.9-20.1; P = .001). Nevertheless, the positive predictive value of having moderate or large MPI defects was only 12%. The overall rate of coronary revascularization was low in both groups: 31 (5.5%) in the screened group and 44 (7.8%) in the unscreened group (HR, 0.71; 95% CI, 0.45-1.1; P = .14). During the course of study there was a significant and equivalent increase in primary medical prevention in both groups.
CONCLUSION
In this contemporary study population of patients with diabetes, the cardiac event rates were low and were not significantly reduced by MPI screening for myocardial ischemia over 4.8 years.
TRIAL REGISTRATION
clinicaltrials.gov Identifier: NCT00769275.read more
Citations
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Myocardial perfusion scintigraphy in asymptomatic diabetic patients: a critical review
Efstratios Moralidis,Triantafyllos Didangelos,Georgios Arsos,Vasilios G. Athyros,Dimitri P. Mikhailidis +4 more
TL;DR: The potential role of stress myocardial perfusion scintigraphy in screening asymptomatic diabetic subjects for coronary heart disease in the current era and in relation with other non‐invasive screening tools is discussed.
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Cardiometabolic Risk Is Associated With Atherosclerotic Burden and Prognosis: Results From the Partners Coronary Computed Tomography Angiography Registry
Edward Hulten,Márcio Sommer Bittencourt,Márcio Sommer Bittencourt,Daniel H. O'Leary,Ravi V. Shah,Brian B. Ghoshhajra,Mitalee P. Christman,Philip Montana,Michael L. Steigner,Quynh A. Truong,Khurram Nasir,Frank J. Rybicki,Jon Hainer,Thomas J. Brady,Marcelo F. Di Carli,Udo Hoffmann,Suhny Abbara,Ron Blankstein +17 more
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A silent myocardial infarction in the diabetes outpatient clinic: case report and review of the literature
Mohd Shazli Draman,H. Thabit,Thomas J. Kiernan,James P. O'Neill,Seamus Sreenan,John H. McDermott +5 more
TL;DR: A dramatic case of SMI is presented in a diabetes patient who attended annual review clinic with ST elevation myocardial infarction and his angiogram showed diffused coronary artery disease.
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References
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