Cardiovascular disease and risk factors in Asia: a selected review.
Hirotsugu Ueshima,Akira Sekikawa,Akira Sekikawa,Katsuyuki Miura,Tanvir Chowdhury Turin,Naoyuki Takashima,Yoshikuni Kita,Makoto Watanabe,Aya Kadota,Nagako Okuda,Takashi Kadowaki,Yasuyuki Nakamura,Yasuyuki Nakamura,Tomonori Okamura +13 more
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TLDR
The existence of higher stroke rates and lower CHD rates in Asian countries than in Western countries and the respective risk factors for this are discussed on the basis of extensive reviews of cohort studies and whether these risk factors differ from those of Western countries are discussed.Abstract:
Cardiovascular disease (CVD) prevention in Asia is an important issue for world health, because half of the world’s population lives in Asia. Asian countries and regions such as Japan, the Republic of Korea, the People’s Republic of China, Hong Kong, Taiwan, and the Kingdom of Thailand have greater mortality and morbidity from stroke than from coronary heart disease (CHD), whereas the opposite is true in Western countries.1 The reasons why this specific situation is observed in countries with rapid and early-phase westernization, such as Japan and South Korea, are very interesting.
The Seven Countries Study conducted by Keys et al2 in 1957 found that Japanese populations had lower fat intake, lower serum total cholesterol, and lower CHD than populations in the United States and Scandinavia, in spite of higher smoking rates. The serum total cholesterol level in Japan has increased rapidly since World War II in accordance with an increase in dietary fat intake from 10% of total energy intake per capita per day to 25%.1,2 Despite this increase, the specific characteristic of lower CHD incidence and mortality than that in Western countries has persisted.3,4 Whether Japanese people and certain other Asian populations have different risk factors for CHD than Western populations has been a subject of discussion for quite some time.
In this article, we discuss the existence of higher stroke rates and lower CHD rates in Asian countries than in Western countries and the respective risk factors for this on the basis of extensive reviews of cohort studies. We also discuss whether these risk factors differ from those of Western countries. Along with this, we examine the relationship between serum total cholesterol and total stroke and its subtypes. We also address the emerging problems and important issues for CVD prevention in Asia.
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International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems
TL;DR: There is substantial global variation in the relative burden of stroke compared with IHD, and the disproportionate burden from stroke for many lower-income countries suggests that distinct interventions may be required.
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Prediction of progression of coronary artery disease and clinical outcomes using vascular profiling of endothelial shear stress and arterial plaque characteristics: the PREDICTION Study.
Peter Stone,Shigeru Saito,Saeko Takahashi,Yasuhiro Makita,Shigeru Nakamura,Tomohiro Kawasaki,Akihiko Takahashi,Takaaki Katsuki,Sunao Nakamura,Atsuo Namiki,Atsushi Hirohata,Toshiyuki Matsumura,Seiji Yamazaki,Hiroyoshi Yokoi,Shinji Tanaka,Satoru Otsuji,Fuminobu Yoshimachi,Junko Honye,Dawn Harwood,Martha Reitman,Ahmet U. Coskun,Michail I. Papafaklis,Charles L. Feldman +22 more
TL;DR: In this article, a three-vessel vascular profiling (2.7 arteries per patient) was performed at baseline in 506 patients with acute coronary syndrome treated with a percutaneous coronary intervention and in a subset of 374 (74%) consecutive patients 6 to 10 months later to assess plaque natural history.
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Validation of acute myocardial infarction cases in the national health insurance research database in taiwan.
TL;DR: The NHIRD appears to be a valid resource for population research in cardiovascular diseases by cross-comparisons of discharge diagnoses listed in the NHIRD with those in the medical records obtained from a medical center in Taiwan.
Journal ArticleDOI
Global Variation in the Relative Burden of Stroke and Ischemic Heart Disease
TL;DR: There is substantial global variation in the relative burden of stroke compared with IHD, and the disproportionate burden from stroke for many lower-income countries suggests that distinct interventions may be required.
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Cardiovascular Events Associated With SGLT-2 Inhibitors Versus Other Glucose-Lowering Drugs: The CVD-REAL 2 Study
Mikhail Kosiborod,Carolyn S.P. Lam,Shun Kohsaka,Dae Jung Kim,Dae Jung Kim,Avraham Karasik,Jonathan E. Shaw,Navdeep Tangri,Su-Yen Goh,Marcus Thuresson,Hungta Chen,Filip Surmont,Niklas Hammar,Niklas Hammar,Peter Fenici +14 more
TL;DR: In this article, a randomized trial demonstrated a lower risk of cardiovascular events with SGLT-2 inhibitors in patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D) at high risk of adverse events.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI
Different trends in serum cholesterol levels among rural and urban populations aged 40-59 in Japan from 1960 to 1990.
Akira Okayama,Hirotsugu Ueshima,Michael Marmot,Paul Elliott,Masanobu Yamakawa,Yoshikuni Kita +5 more
TL;DR: The results of National Nutrition Surveys are consistent with these findings and show that meat consumption per day per capita increased from 23.9 to 66.2 g in rural populations and 51.2 to 77.6 g in urban populations in the 1966 and 1990 surveys.
Journal ArticleDOI
Longitudinal study of blood pressure and stroke in over 37,000 People in China.
Xiang Hua Fang,W. T. Longstreth,Shi Chuo Li,Richard A. Kronmal,Xue Ming Cheng,Wenzhi Wang,Shengping Wu,Xiao Li Du,Xiu Ying Dai +8 more
TL;DR: In this study, the risk of stroke is increased by about 25% with each 10 mm Hg increase in systolic blood pressure, as opposed to diastolic, as a risk factor for stroke.
Journal ArticleDOI
Urinary cations and blood pressure: a collaborative study of 16 districts in China
TL;DR: Dietary factors for higher blood pressure in northern China were related to higher sodium, lower potassium and possibly lower calcium intake, and age and body mass index were positively and level of education negatively correlated with blood pressure.
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