Journal ArticleDOI
Cfi1 prevents premature exit from mitosis by anchoring Cdc14 phosphatase in the nucleolus
TLDR
It is shown that Cdc14 is sequestered in the nucleolus for most of the cell cycle, allowing it to reach its targets during nuclear division and a highly conserved signalling cascade, critical for the exit from mitosis, is required for this movement of CDC14 during anaphase.Abstract:
In eukaryotes, the activation of mitotic cyclin-dependent kinases (CDKs) induces mitosis, and their inactivation causes cells to leave mitosis1. In budding yeast, two redundant mechanisms induce the inactivation of mitotic CDKs. In one mechanism, a specialized ubiquitin-dependent proteolytic system (called the APC-dependent proteolysis machinery) degrades the mitotic (Clb) cyclin subunit. In the other, the kinase-inhibitor Sic1 binds to mitotic CDKs and inhibits their kinase activity1,2. The highly conserved protein phosphatase Cdc14 promotes both Clb degradation and Sic1 accumulation. Cdc14 promotes SIC1 transcription and the stabilization of Sic1 protein by dephosphorylating Sic1 and its transcription factor Swi5. Cdc14 activates the degradation of Clb cyclins by dephosphorylating the APC-specificity factor Cdh1 (refs 3, 4). So how is Cdc14 regulated? Here we show that Cdc14 is sequestered in the nucleolus for most of the cell cycle. During nuclear division, Cdc14 is released from the nucleolus, allowing it to reach its targets. A highly conserved signalling cascade, critical for the exit from mitosis, is required for this movement of Cdc14 during anaphase. Furthermore, we have identified a negative regulator of Cdc14, Cfi1, that anchors Cdc14 in the nucleolus.read more
Citations
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Journal ArticleDOI
Global analysis of protein localization in budding yeast
Won-Ki Huh,James V. Falvo,Luke C. Gerke,Adam S. Carroll,Russell W. Howson,Jonathan S. Weissman,Erin K. O'Shea +6 more
TL;DR: The construction and analysis of a collection of yeast strains expressing full-length, chromosomally tagged green fluorescent protein fusion proteins helps reveal the logic of transcriptional co-regulation, and provides a comprehensive view of interactions within and between organelles in eukaryotic cells.
Journal ArticleDOI
Ribosome synthesis in Saccharomyces cerevisiae.
J. Venema,David Tollervey +1 more
TL;DR: The recent, and often surprising, advances in the understanding of ribosome synthesis in the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae will underscore the unexpected complexity of eukaryotic ribosomes synthesis.
Journal ArticleDOI
Whose end is destruction: cell division and the anaphase-promoting complex.
Wolfgang Zachariae,Kim Nasmyth +1 more
TL;DR: How cells ensure that chromosome duplication, chromosome segregation, and cell division occur in the correct order and form an immortal reproductive cycle is one of the most fundamental questions in cell biology.
Journal ArticleDOI
The Biochemistry of Sirtuins
TL;DR: The chemical mechanism of sirtuins provides novel opportunities for signaling and metabolic regulation of protein deacetylation and the biological, chemical, and structural characteristics of these unusual enzymes are discussed.
Journal ArticleDOI
The ARF/p53 pathway.
Charles J. Sherr,Jason D. Weber +1 more
TL;DR: Nucleolar relocalization of Mdm2 by ARF connotes a novel mechanism for preventing p53 turnover and provides a framework for understanding how stress signals cooperate to regulate p53 function.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI
Genomic Libraries and a Host Strain Designed for Highly Efficient Two-Hybrid Selection in Yeast
TL;DR: A novel multienzyme approach was used to generate a set of highly representative genomic libraries from S. cerevisiae and a unique host strain was created that contains three easily assayed reporter genes, each under the control of a different inducible promoter.
Journal ArticleDOI
Cyclin-dependent kinases: engines, clocks, and microprocessors.
TL;DR: This work has shown that Cdk activity is governed by a complex network of regulatory subunits and phosphorylation events whose precise effects on Cdk conformation have been revealed by recent crystallographic studies.
Book ChapterDOI
Using clustal for multiple sequence alignments
TL;DR: It is argued that using one weight matrix and two gap penalties is too simplistic to be of general use in the most difficult cases and a large number of new parameters designed primarily to help encourage gaps in loop regions are replaced.
Journal ArticleDOI
Cohesins: chromosomal proteins that prevent premature separation of sister chromatids
TL;DR: Three chromosmal proteins that prevent premature separation of sister chromatids in yeast are described, two of which are members of the SMC family, which are putative ATPases with coiled-coil domains.
Journal ArticleDOI
How proteolysis drives the cell cycle
TL;DR: Proteolysis drives cell cycle progression not only by regulating CDK activity, but by directly influencing chromosome and spindle dynamics, and also how proteolysis may directly trigger the transition from metaphase to anaphase.