Chimeric antigen receptor T cells for sustained remissions in leukemia.
Shannon L. Maude,Noelle Frey,Pamela A. Shaw,Richard Aplenc,David M. Barrett,Nancy Bunin,Anne Chew,Vanessa E. Gonzalez,Zhaohui Zheng,Simon F. Lacey,Yolanda D. Mahnke,J. Joseph Melenhorst,Susan R. Rheingold,Angela Shen,David T. Teachey,Bruce L. Levine,Carl H. June,David L. Porter,Stephan A. Grupp +18 more
TLDR
Chimeric antigen receptor-modified T-cell therapy against CD19 was effective in treating relapsed and refractory ALL and was associated with a high remission rate, even among patients for whom stem-cell transplantation had failed, and durable remissions up to 24 months were observed.Abstract:
A total of 30 children and adults received CTL019. Complete remission was achieved in 27 patients (90%), including 2 patients with blinatumomab-refractory disease and 15 who had undergone stem-cell transplantation. CTL019 cells proliferated in vivo and were detectable in the blood, bone marrow, and cerebrospinal fluid of patients who had a response. Sustained remission was achieved with a 6-month event-free survival rate of 67% (95% confidence interval [CI], 51 to 88) and an overall survival rate of 78% (95% CI, 65 to 95). At 6 months, the probability that a patient would have persistence of CTL019 was 68% (95% CI, 50 to 92) and the probability that a patient would have relapse-free B-cell aplasia was 73% (95% CI, 57 to 94). All the patients had the cytokine-release syndrome. Severe cytokine-release syndrome, which developed in 27% of the patients, was associated with a higher disease burden before infusion and was effectively treated with the anti–interleukin-6 receptor antibody tocilizumab. CONCLUSIONS Chimeric antigen receptor–modified T-cell therapy against CD19 was effective in treating relapsed and refractory ALL. CTL019 was associated with a high remission rate, even among patients for whom stem-cell transplantation had failed, and durable remissions up to 24 months were observed. (Funded by Novartis and others; CART19 ClinicalTrials.gov numbers, NCT01626495 and NCT01029366.)read more
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Axicabtagene Ciloleucel CAR T-Cell Therapy in Refractory Large B-Cell Lymphoma
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References
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Chimeric Antigen Receptor–Modified T Cells in Chronic Lymphoid Leukemia
TL;DR: A low dose of autologous chimeric antigen receptor-modified T cells reinfused into a patient with refractory chronic lymphocytic leukemia expanded to a level that was more than 1000 times as high as the initial engraftment level in vivo, with delayed development of the tumor lysis syndrome and with complete remission.
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Stephan A. Grupp,Michael Kalos,David M. Barrett,Richard Aplenc,David L. Porter,Susan R. Rheingold,David T. Teachey,Anne Chew,Bernd Hauck,J. Fraser Wright,Michael C. Milone,Bruce L. Levine,Carl H. June +12 more
TL;DR: The emergence of tumor cells that no longer express the target indicates a need to target other molecules in addition to CD19 in some patients with ALL.
Journal ArticleDOI
T Cells with Chimeric Antigen Receptors Have Potent Antitumor Effects and Can Establish Memory in Patients with Advanced Leukemia
Michael Kalos,Bruce L. Levine,David L. Porter,Sharyn I. Katz,Stephan A. Grupp,Stephan A. Grupp,Adam Bagg,Carl H. June +7 more
TL;DR: It is reported that CAR T cells that target CD19 and contain a costimulatory domain from CD137 and the T cell receptor ζ chain have potent non–cross-resistant clinical activity after infusion in three of three patients treated with advanced chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL).
Journal ArticleDOI
Efficacy and Toxicity Management of 19-28z CAR T Cell Therapy in B Cell Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia
Marco L. Davila,Isabelle Riviere,Xiuyan Wang,Shirley Bartido,Jae H. Park,Kevin J. Curran,Stephen S. Chung,Jolanta Stefanski,Oriana Borquez-Ojeda,Malgorzata Olszewska,Jinrong Qu,Teresa Wasielewska,Qing He,Mitsu Fink,Himaly Shinglot,Maher Youssif,Mark Satter,Yongzeng Wang,James Hosey,Hilda Quintanilla,Elizabeth Halton,Yvette Bernal,Diana C. G. Bouhassira,Maria E. Arcila,Mithat Gonen,Gail J. Roboz,Peter Maslak,Dan Douer,Mark G. Frattini,Sergio Giralt,Michel Sadelain,Renier J. Brentjens +31 more
TL;DR: Diagnostic criteria for a severe cytokine release syndrome (sCRS) is defined and serum C-reactive protein, a readily available laboratory study, can serve as a reliable indicator for the severity of the CRS.
Journal ArticleDOI
CD19-Targeted T Cells Rapidly Induce Molecular Remissions in Adults with Chemotherapy-Refractory Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia
Renier J. Brentjens,Marco L. Davila,Isabelle Riviere,Jae H. Park,Xiuyan Wang,Lindsay G. Cowell,Shirley Bartido,Jolanta Stefanski,Clare Taylor,Malgorzata Olszewska,Oriana Borquez-Ojeda,Jinrong Qu,Teresa Wasielewska,Qing He,Yvette Bernal,Ivelise Rijo,Cyrus V. Hedvat,Rachel Kobos,Kevin J. Curran,Peter G. Steinherz,Joseph G. Jurcic,Todd L. Rosenblat,Peter Maslak,Mark G. Frattini,Michel Sadelain +24 more
TL;DR: The results demonstrate the marked antitumor efficacy of 19-28z CAR-modified T cells in patients with relapsed/refractory B-ALL and the reliability of this therapy to induce profound molecular remissions, forming a highly effective bridge to potentially curative therapy with subsequent allo-HSCT.
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