Cohort Profile: The Kadoorie Study of Chronic Disease in China (KSCDC)
Zhengming Chen,Liming Lee,Junshi Chen,Rory Collins,Fan Wu,Yu Guo,Pamela Linksted,Richard Peto +7 more
Reads0
Chats0
TLDR
During recent decades China has undergone a rapid transition in the main disease patterns of its population, with a substantial decrease in maternal and child mortality and in adult mortality from themain infectious/parasitic diseases, whereas for ischaemic heart disease and some other non-communicable chronic diseases, there has been a moderate increase in mortality rates.Abstract:
During recent decades China has undergone a rapid transition in the main disease patterns of its population. There has been a substantial decrease in maternal and child mortality and in adult mortality from themain infectious/parasitic diseases, whereas for ischaemic heart disease and some other non-communicable chronic diseases, there has been a moderate increase in mortality rates, at least in some parts of China. Consequently, most of the premature mortality that still remains in China now involves the chronic diseases of middle age, such as cancer, stroke, heart disease, or chronic lung disease. 1–4 In the mid-1970s a retrospective survey of the causes of 20 million deaths in China during 1973–75 showed that for each major disease there was large unexplained variation in the age-specific rates between different parts of China, indicating that there must be some large avoidable causes. 5 This finding was confirmed and extended in the late 1980s by a more careful retrospective survey of the causes of one million deaths during 1986–88 in 69 rural counties and 24 cities (Figure 1). 3,4 These big differences in disease rates between one area and another probably reflect differences in the ways people live rather than genetic differences. Moreover, even within one area there are likely to be substantial differences between individuals in genetic factors, as well as in patterns of chronic infection, personal biochemistry, physical characteristics, lifestyle, etc. that persist for many years and eventually influence the likelihood of particular individuals developing particular diseases. 3,4read more
Citations
More filters
Journal ArticleDOI
China Kadoorie Biobank of 0.5 million people: survey methods, baseline characteristics and long-term follow-up
TL;DR: This established large biobank will be a rich and powerful resource for investigating genetic and non-genetic causes of many common chronic diseases in the Chinese population.
Journal ArticleDOI
Cohort Profile: LifeLines, a three-generation cohort study and biobank
Salome Scholtens,Nynke Smidt,Morris A. Swertz,Stephan J. L. Bakker,Aafje Dotinga,Judith M. Vonk,Freerk van Dijk,Sander K R van Zon,Cisca Wijmenga,Bruce H. R. Wolffenbuttel,Ronald P. Stolk +10 more
TL;DR: The LifeLines Cohort Study is a large population-based cohort study and biobank that was established as a resource for research on complex interactions between environmental, phenotypic and genomic factors in the development of chronic diseases and healthy ageing.
Journal ArticleDOI
Comparison of risk factor associations in UK Biobank against representative, general population based studies with conventional response rates: prospective cohort study and individual participant meta-analysis
G. David Batty,G. David Batty,Catharine R. Gale,Catharine R. Gale,Mika Kivimäki,Ian J. Deary,Steven Bell,Steven Bell,Steven Bell +8 more
TL;DR: Risk factor levels and mortality rates were typically more favourable in UK Biobank participants relative to the HSE-SHS consortium, and close agreement was seen between studies.
Journal ArticleDOI
Contrasting male and female trends in tobacco-attributed mortality in China: evidence from successive nationwide prospective cohort studies.
Zhengming Chen,Richard Peto,Maigeng Zhou,Andri Iona,Margaret Smith,Ling Yang,Yu Guo,Yiping Chen,Zheng Bian,Garry Lancaster,Paul Sherliker,Shutao Pang,Hao Wang,Hua Su,Ming Wu,Xianping Wu,Junshi Chen,Rory Collins,Liming Li,Liming Li +19 more
TL;DR: The oppositely changing effects of tobacco on male and female mortality in China is assessed, with overall adult mortality rates falling, but as the adult population of China grows and the proportion of male deaths due to smoking increases, the annual number of deaths in China that are caused by tobacco increases.
Journal ArticleDOI
Association Between Diabetes and Cause-Specific Mortality in Rural and Urban Areas of China.
Fiona Bragg,Michael V. Holmes,Michael V. Holmes,Andri Iona,Andri Iona,Yu Guo,Huaidong Du,Huaidong Du,Yiping Chen,Yiping Chen,Zheng Bian,Ling Yang,Ling Yang,William G. Herrington,Derrick A Bennett,Iain Turnbull,Yongmei Liu,Shixian Feng,Junshi Chen,Robert Clarke,Rory Collins,Richard Peto,Liming Li,Liming Li,Zhengming Chen +24 more
TL;DR: Although diabetes was more common in urban areas, it was associated with greater excess mortality in rural areas, and diabetes was associatedwith increased mortality from a range of cardiovascular and noncardiovascular diseases.
References
More filters
Journal ArticleDOI
Underestimation of Risk Associations Due to Regression Dilution in Long-term Follow-up of Prospective Studies
Robert Clarke,Martin J. Shipley,Sarah Lewington,Linda Youngman,Rory Collins,Michael Marmot,Richard Peto +6 more
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors analyzed the impact of the time interval on the magnitude of regression dilution ratios for blood pressure and blood cholesterol, based on bi-annual remeasurements over 30 years for participants in the Framingham Study (Framingham, Massachusetts) and a 26-year resurvey for a sample of men in the Whitehall Study (London, England).
Journal Article
Underestimation of BP risk association due to regression dilution in long-term follow-up of prospective studies
TL;DR: The analyses were based on biennial remeasurements over 30 years for participants in the Framingham Study and a 26-year resurvey for a sample of men in the Whitehall Study and show that uncorrected associations of disease risk with baseline measurements underestimate the strength of the real associations with usual levels of these risk factors during the first decade of exposure.
Journal ArticleDOI
Emerging tobacco hazards in China: 1. Retrospective proportional mortality study of one million deaths.
TL;DR: At current age specific death rates in smokers and non-smokers one in four smokers would be killed by tobacco, but as the epidemic grows this proportion will roughly double.