Compared with Acyl-CoA:cholesterol O-acyltransferase (ACAT) 1 and lecithin:cholesterol acyltransferase, ACAT2 displays the greatest capacity to differentiate cholesterol from sitosterol.
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TLDR
Compared with ACAT1, ACAT2 displayed significantly greater selectively for cholesterol compared with sitosterol, which may reflect a role in the sorting of dietary sterols during their absorption by the intestine in vivo.About:
This article is published in Journal of Biological Chemistry.The article was published on 2003-11-28 and is currently open access. It has received 111 citations till now. The article focuses on the topics: Sterol & Sterol O-acyltransferase.read more
Citations
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Mechanisms and regulation of cholesterol homeostasis.
TL;DR: This Review discusses the latest advances regarding how each of the four parts of cholesterol metabolism is executed and regulated and how these pathways function in a concerted manner to maintain cholesterol homeostasis.
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New insights into the molecular actions of plant sterols and stanols in cholesterol metabolism
TL;DR: Progress is reviewed in studying the effects of phytosterols/phytostanols on cholesterol homeostasis by affecting sterol regulatory element-binding protein (SREBP)-2 processing and liver X receptor (LXR) regulatory pathways and the molecular mechanisms involved.
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Cholesterol-Lowering Nutraceuticals and Functional Foods
Zhen-Yu Chen,Rui Jiao,Ka Ying Ma +2 more
TL;DR: This review summarizes the findings of recent studies on the production, application, efficacy, and mechanisms of popular cholesterol-lowering nutraceuticals and functional foods.
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Regulation of cholesterol homeostasis
TL;DR: Current knowledge of cholesterol physiology, with emphasis on cholesterol absorption, cholesterol synthesis and fecal excretion, and new (possible) therapeutic options for hypercholesterolemia are discussed.
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Role and classification of cholesterol-lowering functional foods
TL;DR: A mini-review classifies the popular cholesterol-lowering nutraceuticals and functional foods, and explores their underlying mechanisms.
References
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Accumulation of Dietary Cholesterol in Sitosterolemia Caused by Mutations in Adjacent ABC Transporters
Knut Erik Berge,Hui Tian,Gregory A. Graf,Liqing Yu,Nick V. Grishin,Joshua Schultz,Peter Kwiterovich,Bei Shan,Robert Barnes,Helen H. Hobbs +9 more
TL;DR: Data suggest that ABCG5 and ABCG8 normally cooperate to limit intestinal absorption and to promote biliary excretion of sterols, and that mutated forms of these transporters predispose to sterol accumulation and atherosclerosis.
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Identification of a gene, ABCG5, important in the regulation of dietary cholesterol absorption
Mi-Hye Lee,Kangmo Lu,Star Hazard,Hongwei Yu,Sergey Shulenin,Hideki Hidaka,Hideto Kojima,Rando Allikmets,Nagahiko Sakuma,R.J. Pegoraro,Anand Srivastava,Gerald Salen,Michael Dean,Shailendra B. Patel +13 more
TL;DR: A new member of the ABC transporter family, ABCG5, is mutant in nine unrelated sitosterolemia patients and is reported to have a subtle mechanism that allows the body to distinguish between cholesterol and non-cholesterol sterols.
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Metabolism of beta-sitosterol in man.
TL;DR: Values of turnover for β-sitosterol obtained by the sterol balance method agreed closely with those derived by use of the two-pool model, hence, daily turnover of β- sitosterol equaled its daily absorption.
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Micellar complexes of human apolipoprotein A-I with phosphatidylcholines and cholesterol prepared from cholate-lipid dispersions.
TL;DR: In all lipid-protein incubation mixtures, relatively small, stable complexes were present which gave maximum yields at incubation ratios similar to their isolated stoichiometries of 75:1 to 140:1, PC/apo A-I (molar ratios).
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Comparison of intestinal absorption of cholesterol with different plant sterols in man
TL;DR: Surprisingly, campestanol, the 5α saturated derivate of campesterol, was shown to have higher absorbability compared with its unsaturated compound, in contrast to previous assumptions that hydrogenisa‐tion of the nucleus double bond of a sterol causes a decrease of absorbability.