Contribution of cerebrovascular disease in autopsy confirmed neurodegenerative disease cases in the National Alzheimer’s Coordinating Centre
Jon B. Toledo,Steven E. Arnold,Kevin M. Raible,Johannes Brettschneider,Sharon X. Xie,Murray Grossman,Sarah E. Monsell,Walter A. Kukull,John Q. Trojanowski +8 more
TLDR
Concurrent cerebrovascular disease is a common neuropathological finding in aged subjects with dementia, is more common in Alzheimer's disease than in other neurodegenerative disorders, especially in younger subjects, and lowers the threshold for dementia due to Alzheimer’s disease and α-synucleinopathies, which suggests that these disorders should be targeted by treatments for cerebroVascular disease.Abstract:
Cerebrovascular disease and vascular risk factors are associated with Alzheimer’s disease, but the evidence for their association with other neurodegenerative disorders is limited. Therefore, we compared the prevalence of cerebrovascular disease, vascular pathology and vascular risk factors in a wide range of neurodegenerative diseases and correlate them with dementia severity. Presence of cerebrovascular disease, vascular pathology and vascular risk factors was studied in 5715 cases of the National Alzheimer’s Coordinating Centre database with a single neurodegenerative disease diagnosis (Alzheimer’s disease, frontotemporal lobar degeneration due to tau, and TAR DNA-binding protein 43 immunoreactive deposits, α-synucleinopathies, hippocampal sclerosis and prion disease) based on a neuropathological examination with or without cerebrovascular disease, defined neuropathologically. In addition, 210 ‘unremarkable brain’ cases without cognitive impairment, and 280 cases with pure cerebrovascular disease were included for comparison. Cases with cerebrovascular disease were older than those without cerebrovascular disease in all the groups except for those with hippocampal sclerosis. After controlling for age and gender as fixed effects and centre as a random effect, we observed that α-synucleinopathies, frontotemporal lobar degeneration due to tau and TAR DNA-binding protein 43, and prion disease showed a lower prevalence of coincident cerebrovascular disease than patients with Alzheimer’s disease, and this was more significant in younger subjects. When cerebrovascular disease was also present, patients with Alzheimer’s disease and patients with α-synucleinopathy showed relatively lower burdens of their respective lesions than those without cerebrovascular disease in the context of comparable severity of dementia at time of death. Concurrent cerebrovascular disease is a common neuropathological finding in aged subjects with dementia, is more common in Alzheimer’s disease than in other neurodegenerative disorders, especially in younger subjects, and lowers the threshold for dementia due to Alzheimer’s disease and α-synucleinopathies, which suggests that these disorders should be targeted by treatments for cerebrovascular disease.read more
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Atrial Fibrillation and Cognitive Impairment: An Associated Burden or Burden by Association?
Theodora A Manolis,Antonis A. Manolis,Evdoxia J Apostolopoulos,Helen Melita,Antonis S. Manolis +4 more
TL;DR: Screening for atrial fibrillation and searching for and managing modifiable risk factors and potentially reversible causes for both AF and CI remains an important step toward prevention or amelioration of the impact incurred by these 2 conditions.
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Alzheimer’s Disease, Cerebrovascular Disease and Dementia: APotentially Preventable and Modifiable Syndrome
TL;DR: In several countries the age-specific prevalence of dementia is decreasing and the decrease has been attributed to a decrease in cardiovascular risk factors and an increase in cognitive reserve associated with better education and healthier life-styles in recent generations.
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Exercise, Arterial Stiffness, and Cerebral Vascular Function: Potential Impact on Brain Health.
TL;DR: In this article, the authors discuss the epidemiological, observational, and mechanistic evidence regarding the link between age-related changes in vascular health and brain health, which may be mediated by cerebral vascular function, including cerebral vasoreactivity and cerebral pulsatility.
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Tadalafil ameliorates memory deficits, oxidative stress, endothelial dysfunction and neuropathological changes in rat model of hyperhomocysteinemia induced vascular dementia.
Pankaj Bhatia,Nirmal Singh +1 more
TL;DR: It is concluded that tadalafil has shown efficacy in the rat model of l-Methionine induced vascular dementia and that phosphodiesterase-5 can be considered as an important therapeutic target for the treatment of vascular dementia.
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Association of Orthostatic Hypotension With Cerebral Atrophy in Patients With Lewy Body Disorders.
Andrea Pilotto,Alberto Romagnolo,Andrea Scalvini,Mario Masellis,Yasushi Shimo,Laura Bonanni,Richard Camicioli,Lily L Wang,Alok Dwivedi,Katherine Longardner,Federico Rodriguez-Porcel,Mark DiFrancesco,Joaquin A. Vizcarra,Elisa Montanaro,Simona Maule,Alessandro Lupini,Carmen Ojeda-Lopez,Sandra E. Black,Stefano Delli Pizzi,Myrlene Gee,Ryota Tanaka,Kazuo Yamashiro,Taku Hatano,Barbara Borroni,Roberto Gasparotti,Maria Cristina Rizzetti,Nobutaka Hattori,Leonardo Lopiano,Irene Litvan,Alberto J. Espay,Alessandro Padovani,Aristide Merola +31 more
TL;DR: Pilotto et al. as discussed by the authors evaluated whether orthostatic hypotension (OH) or supine hypertension (SH) is associated with brain atrophy and white matter hyperintensities (WMH).
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