Current Status of Chikungunya in India
TLDR
Chikungunya fever (CHIKF) is an arbovirus disease caused by chikunguna virus (CHV), an alphavirus of Togaviridae family.Abstract:
Chikungunya fever (CHIKF) is an arbovirus disease caused by chikungunya virus (CHIKV), an alphavirus of Togaviridae family. Transmission follows a human-mosquito-human cycle starting with a mosquito bite. Subsequently, symptoms develop after 2-6 days of incubation, including high fever and severe arthralgia. The disease is self-limiting and usually resolve within two weeks. However, chronic disease can last up to several years with persistent polyarthralgia. Overlapping symptoms and common vector with dengue and malaria present many challenges for the diagnosis and treatment of this disease. CHIKF was reported in India in 1963 for the first time. After a period of quiescence lasting up to 32 years, CHIKV re-emerged in India in 2005. Currently, every part of the country has become endemic for the disease with outbreaks resulting in huge economic and productivity losses. Several mutations have been identified in circulating strains of the virus resulting in better adaptations or increased fitness in the vector(s), effective transmission, and disease severity. CHIKV evolution has been a significant driver of epidemics in India, hence, the need to focus on proper surveillance, and implementation of prevention and control measures in the country. Presently, there are no licensed vaccines or antivirals available; however, India has initiated several efforts in this direction including traditional medicines. In this review, we present the current status of CHIKF in India.read more
Citations
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Spread of a Novel Indian Ocean Lineage Carrying E1-K211E/E2-V264A of Chikungunya Virus East/Central/South African Genotype across the Indian Subcontinent, Southeast Asia, and Eastern Africa
Juthamas Phadungsombat,Hisham Ahmed Imad,Emi E. Nakayama,Pornsawan Leaungwutiwong,Pongrama Ramasoota,Wang Nguitragool,Wasin Matsee,Watcharapong Piyaphanee,Tatsuo Shioda +8 more
TL;DR: The results showed that the ancestral IOLs diverged to a sub-lineage E1-K211E/E2-V264A, probably in India around 2008, and caused sporadic outbreaks in India during 2010–2015 and in Kenya in 2016.
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A Review: The Antiviral Activity of Cyclic Peptides
Le Yi Chia,Palanirajan Vijayaraj Kumar,Marwan Abdelmahmoud Abdelkarim Maki,Guna Ravichandran,Sivasudha Thilagar +4 more
TL;DR: A review of cyclic peptides in the defence against viral infections is presented in this paper . But, the review is limited to chikungunya virus, which lacks specific antiviral treatment yet with certain limitations to date.
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The rising dominance of microbiology: what to expect in the next 15 years?
Roshan Kumar,Utkarsh Sood,Jasvinder Kaur,Shailly Anand,Vipin Gupta,Kishor Sureshbhai Patil,Rup Lal +6 more
TL;DR: The availability of a microbial genetic toolbox at the expanse will help complement the current understanding of the microbiome and assist in real-time monitoring of the dynamics for detecting the health status of the host with utmost precision.
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Chikungunya Virus: Priority Pathogen or Passing Trend?
TL;DR: In this article , the authors highlight the clinical relevance of developing chikungunya vaccines by discussing the poor understanding of long-term disease burden in CHIKV endemic countries, the complexity of chikunya epidemiological surveillance, and emphasising the impact of the global emergence of chIKV infections.
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Decadal Change in Seroprevalence of Chikungunya Virus Infection in Pune City, India
Shilpa Tomar,Kalichamy Alagarasu,Ashwini More,M. Nadkarni,R.V. Bachal,M. Bote,J.A. Patil,V.T. Venkatesh,Deepti Parashar,Babasaheb V. Tandale +9 more
TL;DR: A fivefold increase in seroprevalence of chikungunya infection over a decade in Pune City was observed and increased significantly with age; however, it did not differ between genders.
References
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