Journal ArticleDOI
Dietary flavonoid aglycones and their glycosides: Which show better biological significance?
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TLDR
With in vivo (oral) treatment, flavonoids glycosides showed similar or even higher antidiabetes, anti-inflammatory, antidegranulating, antistress, and antiallergic activity than their flavonoid aglycones.Abstract:
The dietary flavonoids, especially their glycosides, are the most vital phytochemicals in diets and are of great general interest due to their diverse bioactivity. The natural flavonoids almost all exist as their O-glycoside or C-glycoside forms in plants. In this review, we summarized the existing knowledge on the different biological benefits and pharmacokinetic behaviors between flavonoid aglycones and their glycosides. Due to various conclusions from different flavonoid types and health/disease conditions, it is very difficult to draw general or universally applicable comments regarding the impact of glycosylation on the biological benefits of flavonoids. It seems as though O-glycosylation generally reduces the bioactivity of these compounds - this has been observed for diverse properties including antioxidant activity, antidiabetes activity, anti-inflammation activity, antibacterial, antifungal activity, antitumor activity, anticoagulant activity, antiplatelet activity, antidegranulating activity, antitrypanosomal activity, influenza virus neuraminidase inhibition, aldehyde oxidase inhibition, immunomodulatory, and antitubercular activity. However, O-glycosylation can enhance certain types of biological benefits including anti-HIV activity, tyrosinase inhibition, antirotavirus activity, antistress activity, antiobesity activity, anticholinesterase potential, antiadipogenic activity, and antiallergic activity. However, there is a lack of data for most flavonoids, and their structures vary widely. There is also a profound lack of data on the impact of C-glycosylation on flavonoid biological benefits, although it has been demonstrated that in at least some cases C-glycosylation has positive effects on properties that may be useful in human healthcare such as antioxidant and antidiabetes activity. Furthermore, there is a lack of in vivo data that would make it possible to make broad generalizations concerning the influence of glycosylation on the benefits of flavonoids for human health. It is possible that the effects of glycosylation on flavonoid bioactivity in vitro may differ from that seen in vivo. With in vivo (oral) treatment, flavonoid glycosides showed similar or even higher antidiabetes, anti-inflammatory, antidegranulating, antistress, and antiallergic activity than their flavonoid aglycones. Flavonoid glycosides keep higher plasma levels and have a longer mean residence time than those of aglycones. We should pay more attention to in vivo benefits of flavonoid glycosides, especially C-glycosides.read more
Citations
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Analysis of flavonoids and antioxidants in extracts of ferns from Tianmu Mountain in Zhejiang Province (China)
TL;DR: Flavonoid extracts of fern are conductive to phylogeny and genesiology as well as pharmacological activities, and ferns living under dimmer sunshine have higher flavonoid contents and stronger ABTS scavenging activity than those living under strong sunshine.
Journal ArticleDOI
Evaluation of the distribution and metabolism of polyphenols derived from cupuassu (Theobroma grandiflorum) in mice gastrointestinal tract by UPLC-ESI-QTOF
Helena Rudge de Moraes Barros,Rocío García-Villalba,Francisco A. Tomás-Barberán,Maria Inés Genovese +3 more
TL;DR: The fate and metabolism of epicatechin-derived proanthocyanidins and glucuronide and sulphate conjugates of the unusual 8-hydroxyflavones hypolaetin, isoscutellarein and hypolaets methyl ether from cupuassu in the gastrointestinal tract of mice were evaluated as mentioned in this paper.
Journal ArticleDOI
Flavanone glycosides inhibit β-site amyloid precursor protein cleaving enzyme 1 and cholinesterase and reduce Aβ aggregation in the amyloidogenic pathway.
Yousof Ali,Susoma Jannat,Najmeh Edraki,Sucharita Das,Won Kyu Chang,Hyun Chul Kim,Seong Kyu Park,Mun Seog Chang +7 more
TL;DR: The results indicate that flavonoids, and in particular didymin, exhibit inhibitory activity in vitro, and may be useful in the development of therapeutic modalities for the treatment of AD.
Journal ArticleDOI
Quinoa flavonoids and their bioaccessibility during in vitro gastrointestinal digestion
TL;DR: In this paper, the effect of in vitro gastrointestinal digestion on the bioaccessibility of flavonoid compounds present in quinoa products (seeds, sprouts, and flakes) and changes in their antioxidant activity was evaluated.
Journal ArticleDOI
From Vegetable Waste to New Agents for Potential Health Applications: Antioxidant Properties and Effects of Extracts, Fractions and Pinocembrin from Glycyrrhiza glabra L. Aerial Parts on Viability of Five Human Cancer Cell Lines.
Francesca Aiello,Biagio Armentano,Nicoletta Polerà,Gabriele Carullo,Monica Rosa Loizzo,Marco Bonesi,Maria Stella Cappello,Loredana Capobianco,Rosa Tundis +8 more
TL;DR: A significant protection of lipid peroxidation was observed with the May total extract and a remarkable activity with IC50 values below 25 μg/mL was shown in samples from plants harvested in May.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI
Structure-antioxidant activity relationships of flavonoids and phenolic acids
TL;DR: The factors underlying the influence of the different classes of polyphenols in enhancing their resistance to oxidation are discussed and support the contention that the partition coefficients of the flavonoids as well as their rates of reaction with the relevant radicals define the antioxidant activities in the lipophilic phase.
Journal ArticleDOI
Biochemistry and molecular cell biology of diabetic complications
TL;DR: This integrating paradigm provides a new conceptual framework for future research and drug discovery in diabetes-specific microvascular disease and seems to reflect a single hyperglycaemia-induced process of overproduction of superoxide by the mitochondrial electron-transport chain.
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Antioxidant and antiradical activities of flavonoids.
Stanisław Burda,Wieslaw Oleszek +1 more
TL;DR: From seven structurally divergent groups of flavonoids, only flavonols with a free hydroxyl group at the C-3 position of the flavonoid skeleton showed high inhibitory activity to beta-carotene oxidation.
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A review on the dietary flavonoid kaempferol.
José Manuel Calderón-Montaño,Estefanía Burgos-Morón,Concepción Pérez-Guerrero,Miguel López-Lázaro +3 more
TL;DR: The distribution of ka Kempferol in the plant kingdom and its pharmacological properties are reviewed and the pharmacokinetics and safety of kaempferol are analyzed to help understand the health benefits of kaEMPferol-containing plants and to develop this flavonoid as a possible agent for the prevention and treatment of some diseases.
Journal ArticleDOI
Recent advances in understanding the antibacterial properties of flavonoids
T.P. Tim Cushnie,Andrew J. Lamb +1 more
TL;DR: Flavonoids are a family of plant-derived compounds with potentially exploitable activities, including direct antibacterial activity, synergism with antibiotics, and suppression of bacterial virulence, and recent advances towards understanding these properties are described.