Journal ArticleDOI
Dietary flavonoid aglycones and their glycosides: Which show better biological significance?
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TLDR
With in vivo (oral) treatment, flavonoids glycosides showed similar or even higher antidiabetes, anti-inflammatory, antidegranulating, antistress, and antiallergic activity than their flavonoid aglycones.Abstract:
The dietary flavonoids, especially their glycosides, are the most vital phytochemicals in diets and are of great general interest due to their diverse bioactivity. The natural flavonoids almost all exist as their O-glycoside or C-glycoside forms in plants. In this review, we summarized the existing knowledge on the different biological benefits and pharmacokinetic behaviors between flavonoid aglycones and their glycosides. Due to various conclusions from different flavonoid types and health/disease conditions, it is very difficult to draw general or universally applicable comments regarding the impact of glycosylation on the biological benefits of flavonoids. It seems as though O-glycosylation generally reduces the bioactivity of these compounds - this has been observed for diverse properties including antioxidant activity, antidiabetes activity, anti-inflammation activity, antibacterial, antifungal activity, antitumor activity, anticoagulant activity, antiplatelet activity, antidegranulating activity, antitrypanosomal activity, influenza virus neuraminidase inhibition, aldehyde oxidase inhibition, immunomodulatory, and antitubercular activity. However, O-glycosylation can enhance certain types of biological benefits including anti-HIV activity, tyrosinase inhibition, antirotavirus activity, antistress activity, antiobesity activity, anticholinesterase potential, antiadipogenic activity, and antiallergic activity. However, there is a lack of data for most flavonoids, and their structures vary widely. There is also a profound lack of data on the impact of C-glycosylation on flavonoid biological benefits, although it has been demonstrated that in at least some cases C-glycosylation has positive effects on properties that may be useful in human healthcare such as antioxidant and antidiabetes activity. Furthermore, there is a lack of in vivo data that would make it possible to make broad generalizations concerning the influence of glycosylation on the benefits of flavonoids for human health. It is possible that the effects of glycosylation on flavonoid bioactivity in vitro may differ from that seen in vivo. With in vivo (oral) treatment, flavonoid glycosides showed similar or even higher antidiabetes, anti-inflammatory, antidegranulating, antistress, and antiallergic activity than their flavonoid aglycones. Flavonoid glycosides keep higher plasma levels and have a longer mean residence time than those of aglycones. We should pay more attention to in vivo benefits of flavonoid glycosides, especially C-glycosides.read more
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The Reciprocal Interactions between Polyphenols and Gut Microbiota and Effects on Bioaccessibility
TL;DR: This review focuses on the biotransformation of polyphenols by gut microbiota, modulation of gut microbiota bypolyphenols, and the effects of these two-way mutual interactions on polyphenol bioavailability, and ultimately, human health.
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Dietary Quercetin and Kaempferol: Bioavailability and Potential Cardiovascular-Related Bioactivity in Humans
TL;DR: It is possible that a lower dosage from plant sources could be effective due to of its higher bioavailability compared to the aglycone form, and studies are needed to evaluate the potential cardiovascular benefits of plants rich in quercetin and kaempferol glycoside conjugates.
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Anti-inflammatory effects of phytochemicals from fruits, vegetables, and food legumes: A review
Fengmei Zhu,Bin Du,Baojun Xu +2 more
TL;DR: The aim of this paper was to summarize the recent investigations and findings regarding in vitro and animal model studies on the anti-inflammatory effects of fruits, vegetables, and food legumes and phytochemicals are discussed as the natural promotion strategy for the improvement of human health status.
Journal ArticleDOI
Plant flavonoids: Classification, distribution, biosynthesis, and antioxidant activity.
TL;DR: A comprehensive review of recent progress in the research of plant flavonoids, focusing on their biosynthesis (pathway and transcription factors) and bioactive mechanisms based on epidemic evidence, in vitro and in vivo research, and bioavailability in the human body is presented in this paper .
Journal ArticleDOI
Phenolic compounds as beneficial phytochemicals in pomegranate (Punica granatum L.) peel: A review.
TL;DR: Conclusive clinical trials of the phenolic compounds present in PoP are essential for correct validation of their health benefits and are mainly assessed by in vitro experimentation.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI
Chalcones and flavonoids as anti-tuberculosis agents.
TL;DR: A hydrophobic substituent on one aromatic ring, and a hydrogen-bonding group on the other aromatic ring resulted in increased anti-TB activity of the chalcones and chalcone-like compounds.
Journal ArticleDOI
Comparative Evaluation of Quercetin, Isoquercetin and Rutin as Inhibitors of α-Glucosidase
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Journal ArticleDOI
Amplification and enhanced expression of the epidermal growth factor receptor gene in A431 human carcinoma cells
Glenn Merlino,Young Hua Xu,Shunsuke Ishii,Adrian J. L. Clark,Kentaro Semba,Kumao Toyoshima,Tadashi Yamamoto,Ira Pastan +7 more
TL;DR: Results are consistent with the hypothesis that, in A431 cells, gene amplification, possibly associated with a translocation event, may result in the overproduction of EGF receptor protein or the appearance of the transformed phenotype (or both).
Journal ArticleDOI
Investigation of the interaction between flavonoids and human serum albumin
Shuyun Bi,Shuyun Bi,Shuyun Bi,Lan Ding,Yuan Tian,Daqian Song,Xin Zhou,Xia Liu,Hanqi Zhang,Hanqi Zhang +9 more
TL;DR: In this paper, the interaction of quercetin, rutin, hyperin, and baicalin with human serum albumin (HSA) was studied, and the effect of various metal ions on the binding constants of these compounds with HSA was also studied.
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Anti-HIV benzylisoquinoline alkaloids and flavonoids from the leaves of Nelumbo nucifera, and structure-activity correlations with related alkaloids.
Yoshiki Kashiwada,Akihiro Aoshima,Yasumasa Ikeshiro,Yuh Pan Chen,Hiroshi Furukawa,Masataka Itoigawa,Toshihiro Fujioka,Kunihide Mihashi,L. Mark Cosentino,Susan L. Morris-Natschke,Kuo Hsiung Lee +10 more
TL;DR: Compounds 1, 3, 12, and 14-16 can serve as new leads for further development of anti-AIDS agents as well as other benzylisoquinoline, aporphine, and bisbenzylisoquoline alkaloids, which were previously isolated from the leaves and embryo of Nelumbo nucifera and evaluated for anti-HIV activity.