Dietary patterns, foods and nutrients in male fertility parameters and fecundability: a systematic review of observational studies
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TLDR
Male adherence to a healthy diet could improve semen quality and fecundability rates, but the associations summarized in the present review need to be confirmed with large prospective cohort studies and especially with well-designed RCTs.Abstract:
Background Infertility is a global public health issue, affecting 15% of all couples of reproductive age. Male factors, including decreased semen quality, are responsible for ~25% of these cases. The dietary pattern, the components of the diet and nutrients have been studied as possible determinants of sperm function and/or fertility. Objective and rationale Previous systematic reviews have been made of the few heterogeneous low-quality randomized clinical trials (RCTs) conducted in small samples of participants and investigating the effect of specific nutrients and nutritional supplements on male infertility. However, as yet there has been no systematic review of observational studies. Search methods A comprehensive systematic review was made of the published literature, from the earliest available online indexing year to November 2016, in accordance with the guidelines of the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses. We have included cross-sectional, case-control and prospective and retrospective studies in which fertile/infertile men were well defined (men with sperm disorders, sperm DNA damage, varicocele or idiopathic infertility). The primary outcomes were semen quality or fecundability. With the data extracted, we evaluated and scored the quality of the studies selected. We excluded RCTs, animal studies, review articles and low-quality studies. Outcomes A total of 1944 articles were identified, of which 35 were selected for qualitative analysis. Generally, the results indicated that healthy diets rich in some nutrients such as omega-3 fatty acids, some antioxidants (vitamin E, vitamin C, β-carotene, selenium, zinc, cryptoxanthin and lycopene), other vitamins (vitamin D and folate) and low in saturated fatty acids and trans-fatty acids were inversely associated with low semen quality parameters. Fish, shellfish and seafood, poultry, cereals, vegetables and fruits, low-fat dairy and skimmed milk were positively associated with several sperm quality parameters. However, diets rich in processed meat, soy foods, potatoes, full-fat dairy and total dairy products, cheese, coffee, alcohol, sugar-sweetened beverages and sweets have been detrimentally associated with the quality of semen in some studies. As far as fecundability is concerned, a high intake of alcohol, caffeine and red meat and processed meat by males has a negative influence on the chance of pregnancy or fertilization rates in their partners. Wider implications Male adherence to a healthy diet could improve semen quality and fecundability rates. Since observational studies may prove associations but not causation, the associations summarized in the present review need to be confirmed with large prospective cohort studies and especially with well-designed RCTs.read more
Citations
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Journal ArticleDOI
Diet and Fertility: A Review
TL;DR: A complete picture of the role of nutrition on fertility is far from complete, but much progress has been made and the most salient gaps in the current evidence include jointly considering female and male diets and testing the most consistent findings in randomized trials.
Journal ArticleDOI
Lifestyle causes of male infertility.
TL;DR: The major lifestyle factors discussed in the present review are amongst the multiple potential risk factors that could impair male fertility, however, their negative impact may well be mostly overcome by behaviour modification and better lifestyle choices.
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Diagnosis and Management of Infertility: A Review.
TL;DR: The most common causes of infertility are ovulatory dysfunction, male factor infertility, and tubal disease as mentioned in this paper, and lifestyle and environmental factors such as smoking and obesity can adversely affect fertility.
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Reactive oxygen species impact on sperm DNA and its role in male infertility.
TL;DR: How OS induces DNA damage and the types of DNA damage that can occur are discussed and the clinical consequences of OS‐induced DNA damage are briefly touched on.
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Human sperm displays rapid responses to diet
Daniel Nätt,Unn Kugelberg,Eduard Casas,Elizabeth Nedstrand,Stefan Zalavary,Pontus Henriksson,Pontus Henriksson,Carola Nijm,Julia Jäderquist,Johanna Sandborg,Johanna Sandborg,Eva Flinke,Rashmi Ramesh,Lovisa Örkenby,Filip Appelkvist,Thomas Lingg,Nicola Guzzi,Cristian Bellodi,Marie Löf,Marie Löf,Tanya Vavouri,Anita Öst +21 more
TL;DR: It is reported that human sperm are acutely sensitive to nutrient flux, both in terms of sperm motility and changes in sperm tsRNA, and shared diet-sensitive mechanisms between sperm Motility and the biogenesis of tsRNA are suggested, which provide novel insights about the interplay between nutrition and male reproductive health.
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