DNA G-quadruplex structures: more than simple roadblocks to transcription?
Jenna Robinson,Federica Raguseo,Sabrina Pia Nuccio,Denise Liano,Marco Di Antonio,Marco Di Antonio +5 more
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TLDR
In this article, the formation of G-quadruplex (G4) secondary structures in gene promoters was first linked to the regulation of gene expression, and a model that placed these non-canonical DNA structures as repressors of transcription by preventing polymerase processivity was proposed.Abstract:
It has been >20 years since the formation of G-quadruplex (G4) secondary structures in gene promoters was first linked to the regulation of gene expression. Since then, the development of small molecules to selectively target G4s and their cellular application have contributed to an improved understanding of how G4s regulate transcription. One model that arose from this work placed these non-canonical DNA structures as repressors of transcription by preventing polymerase processivity. Although a considerable number of studies have recently provided sufficient evidence to reconsider this simplistic model, there is still a misrepresentation of G4s as transcriptional roadblocks. In this review, we will challenge this model depicting G4s as simple 'off switches' for gene expression by articulating how their formation has the potential to alter gene expression at many different levels, acting as a key regulatory element perturbing the nature of epigenetic marks and chromatin architecture.read more
Citations
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Genome-wide mapping of G-quadruplex structures with CUT&Tag
Jing Lyu,Jing Lyu,Rui Shao,Rui Shao,Philip Yuk Kwong Yung,Philip Yuk Kwong Yung,Simon J. Elsässer,Simon J. Elsässer +7 more
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors report the use of cleavage under targets and tagmentation (CUT&Tag) for mapping native G4 in mammalian cell lines at high resolution and low background.
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G4-quadruplex-binding proteins: review and insights into selectivity
TL;DR: A recent review summarizes the current literature on G4BPs with regards to their interactions with G4Qs, providing groupings for binding mode, drawing conclusions around commonalities and highlighting information on specific interactions as discussed by the authors .
Journal ArticleDOI
Major Achievements in the Design of Quadruplex-Interactive Small Molecules
TL;DR: The major achievements on the therapeutic potential of such quadruplex ligands, their mode of binding, effects upon interaction with quadruplexes, and the opportunities and challenges for their exploitation in drug discovery are surveyed.
Journal ArticleDOI
Folding dynamics of polymorphic G-quadruplex structures.
J Tassilo Grün,Harald Schwalbe +1 more
TL;DR: In this article, a review of recent experimental approaches to monitor G4 folding and discuss structural aspects for possible folding pathways is presented, along with comprehensive models of the complex folding energy landscape of G4s that are evaluated based on computational and experimental evidence.
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OUP accepted manuscript
TL;DR: In this article , the authors showed that APE1 (apurinic/apyrimidinic endonuclease 1), a multifunctional DNA repair enzyme, is a G-quadruplex (G4) binding protein, and loss of APE 1 abrogates the formation of stable G4 structures in cells.
References
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