Drug Resistance in Cancer: An Overview
Genevieve Housman,Shannon Byler,Sarah Heerboth,Karolina Lapinska,Mckenna Longacre,Nicole A. Snyder,Sibaji Sarkar +6 more
TLDR
The current knowledge of mechanisms that promote or enable drug resistance, such as drug inactivation, drug target alteration, drug efflux, DNA damage repair, cell death inhibition, and the epithelial-mesenchymal transition, as well as how inherent tumor cell heterogeneity plays a role in drug resistance are outlined.Abstract:
Cancers have the ability to develop resistance to traditional therapies, and the increasing prevalence of these drug resistant cancers necessitates further research and treatment development. This paper outlines the current knowledge of mechanisms that promote or enable drug resistance, such as drug inactivation, drug target alteration, drug efflux, DNA damage repair, cell death inhibition, and the epithelial-mesenchymal transition, as well as how inherent tumor cell heterogeneity plays a role in drug resistance. It also describes the epigenetic modifications that can induce drug resistance and considers how such epigenetic factors may contribute to the development of cancer progenitor cells, which are not killed by conventional cancer therapies. Lastly, this review concludes with a discussion on the best treatment options for existing drug resistant cancers, ways to prevent the formation of drug resistant cancers and cancer progenitor cells, and future directions of study.read more
Citations
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The Different Mechanisms of Cancer Drug Resistance: A Brief Review.
TL;DR: The mechanisms of cancer drug resistance are outlined and in following, the treatment failures by common chemotherapy agents in the different type of cancers are outlined.
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EMT and tumor metastasis.
Sarah Heerboth,Genevieve Housman,Meghan Leary,Mckenna Longacre,Shannon Byler,Karolina Lapinska,Amber Willbanks,Sibaji Sarkar +7 more
TL;DR: It is hypothesized that reversible epigenetic events regulate both EMT and MET, and thus, also regulate the development of different types of metastatic cancers.
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Comparison of 2D- and 3D-culture models as drug-testing platforms in breast cancer
Yoshinori Imamura,Toru Mukohara,Yohei Shimono,Yohei Funakoshi,Naoko Chayahara,Masanori Toyoda,Naomi Kiyota,Shintaro Takao,Seishi Kono,Tetsuya Nakatsura,Hironobu Minami +10 more
TL;DR: 3D- Cultured cells forming dense MCSs may be better than 2D-cultured cells in simulating important tumor characteristics in vivo, namely hypoxia, dormancy, anti-apoptotic features and their resulting drug resistance.
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Molecular targeted therapy: Treating cancer with specificity.
TL;DR: This review provides an update on the different types of molecular targeted therapies used in the treatment of cancer, focusing on the fundamentals of Molecular targeted therapy, its mode of action in cancer treatment, as well as its advantages and limitations.
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Pathway Based Analysis of Mutation Data Is Efficient for Scoring Target Cancer Drugs.
Marianna A. Zolotovskaia,Maxim Sorokin,Anna A. Emelianova,Nikolay M. Borisov,Denis Kuzmin,Pieter Borger,Andrew Garazha,Anton Buzdin,Anton Buzdin +8 more
TL;DR: Evidence is presented that the MDS algorithm-predicted hits frequently coincide with those already used as targets of the existing cancer drugs, but several novel candidates can be considered promising for further developments.
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