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Open AccessJournal ArticleDOI

Finding community structure in networks using the eigenvectors of matrices

Mark Newman
- 11 Sep 2006 - 
- Vol. 74, Iss: 3, pp 036104-036104
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TLDR
A modularity matrix plays a role in community detection similar to that played by the graph Laplacian in graph partitioning calculations, and a spectral measure of bipartite structure in networks and a centrality measure that identifies vertices that occupy central positions within the communities to which they belong are proposed.
Abstract
We consider the problem of detecting communities or modules in networks, groups of vertices with a higher-than-average density of edges connecting them. Previous work indicates that a robust approach to this problem is the maximization of the benefit function known as ``modularity'' over possible divisions of a network. Here we show that this maximization process can be written in terms of the eigenspectrum of a matrix we call the modularity matrix, which plays a role in community detection similar to that played by the graph Laplacian in graph partitioning calculations. This result leads us to a number of possible algorithms for detecting community structure, as well as several other results, including a spectral measure of bipartite structure in networks and a centrality measure that identifies vertices that occupy central positions within the communities to which they belong. The algorithms and measures proposed are illustrated with applications to a variety of real-world complex networks.

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Citations
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Journal ArticleDOI

Stepping community detection algorithm based on label propagation and similarity

TL;DR: A modified LPA called Stepping LPA-S is proposed, in which labels are propagated by similarity, and this algorithm divides networks using a stepping framework, and uses an evaluation function proposed in this paper to select the final unique partition.
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Social goods dilemmas in heterogeneous societies

TL;DR: In this paper, the authors explore general evolutionary dynamics for arbitrary spatial structures and social goods and find that heterogeneous networks, in which some individuals have many more interaction partners than others, can enhance the evolution of prosocial behaviors.
Proceedings ArticleDOI

Community Detection in Multidimensional Networks

TL;DR: Experiments show the ability of the approach in discovering latent shared clustering of objects in multidimensional networks based on the combination of multiobjective genetic algorithms, local search, and the concept of temporal smoothness, coming from evolutionary clustering.
Journal ArticleDOI

Node and layer eigenvector centralities for multiplex networks

TL;DR: In this article, the authors proposed a new definition of eigenvector centrality that relies on the Perron eigen vector of a multi-homogeneous map defined in terms of the tensor describing the network.
Journal ArticleDOI

Identifying key nodes based on improved structural holes in complex networks

TL;DR: The experimental results show that the proposed method can effectively identify the key nodes in complex networks and can also be applied in large-scale or unconnected networks.
References
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TL;DR: Simple models of networks that can be tuned through this middle ground: regular networks ‘rewired’ to introduce increasing amounts of disorder are explored, finding that these systems can be highly clustered, like regular lattices, yet have small characteristic path lengths, like random graphs.
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TL;DR: In this paper, it is argued that the degree of overlap of two individuals' friendship networks varies directly with the strength of their tie to one another, and the impact of this principle on diffusion of influence and information, mobility opportunity, and community organization is explored.
Journal ArticleDOI

Emergence of Scaling in Random Networks

TL;DR: A model based on these two ingredients reproduces the observed stationary scale-free distributions, which indicates that the development of large networks is governed by robust self-organizing phenomena that go beyond the particulars of the individual systems.

疟原虫var基因转换速率变化导致抗原变异[英]/Paul H, Robert P, Christodoulou Z, et al//Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A

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TL;DR: PfPMP1)与感染红细胞、树突状组胞以及胎盘的单个或多个受体作用,在黏附及免疫逃避中起关键的作�ly.
Journal ArticleDOI

The Structure and Function of Complex Networks

Mark Newman
- 01 Jan 2003 - 
TL;DR: Developments in this field are reviewed, including such concepts as the small-world effect, degree distributions, clustering, network correlations, random graph models, models of network growth and preferential attachment, and dynamical processes taking place on networks.
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