BookDOI
Fundamentals of electric propulsion : ion and Hall thrusters
Dan M. Goebel,Ira Katz +1 more
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In this article, the authors introduce the concept of Hall Thrusters and Hall-Thrusters as a way of transferring force from one particle to another in the form of force transfer.Abstract:
Note from the Series Editor. Foreword. Preface. Acknowledgments. Chapter 1: Introduction. 1.1 Electric Propulsion Background. 1.2 Electric Thruster Types. 1.3 Ion Thruster Geometry. 1.4 Hall Thruster Geometry. 1.5 Beam/Plume Characteristics. References. Chapter 2: Thruster Principles. 2.1 The Rocket Equation. 2.2 Force Transfer in Ion and Hall Thrusters. 2.3 Thrust. 2.4 Specific Impulse. 2.5 Thruster Efficiency. 2.6 Power Dissipation. 2.7 Neutral Densities and Ingestion in Electric Thrusters. References. Problems. Chapter 3: Basic Plasma Physics. 3.1 Introduction. 3.2 Maxwell's Equations. 3.3 Single Particle Motions. 3.4 particle Energies and Velocities. 3.5 Plasma as a Fluid. 3.6 Diffusion in Partially Ionized Gases. 3.7 Sheaths at the Boundaries of Plasmas. References. Problems. Chapter 4: Ion Thruster Plasma Generators. 4.1 Introduction. 4.2 Idealized Ion Thruster Plasma Generator. 4.3 DC Discharge Ion Thruster. 4.4 Kaufman Ion Thrusters. 4.5 rf Ion Thrusters. 4.6 Microwave Ion Thrusters. 4.7 2-D Computer Models of the Ion Thruster Discharge Chamber. References. Problems. Chapter 5: Ion Thruster Accelerator Grids. 5.1 Grid Configurations. 5.2 Ion Accelerator Basics. 5.3 Ion Optics. 5.4 Electron Backstreaming. 5.5 High-Voltage Considerations. 5.6 Ion Accelerator Grid Life. References. Problems. Chapter 6: Hollow Cathodes. 6.1 Introduction. 6.2 Cathode Configurations. 6.3 Thermionic Electron Emitter Characteristics. 6.4 Insert Region Plasma. 6.5 Orifice Region Plasma. 6.6 Hollow cathode Thermal Models. 6.7 Cathode Plume-Region Plasma. 6.8 Hollow Cathode Life. 6.9 Keeper Wear and Life. 6.10 Hollow Cathode Operation. References. Problems. Chapter 7: Hall Thrusters. 7.1 Introduction. 7.2 Thruster Operating Principles and Scaling. 7.3 Hall Thruster Performance Models. 7.4 Channel Physics and Numerical Modeling. 7.5 Hall Thruster Life. References. Problems. Chapter 8: Ion and Hall Thruster Plumes. 8.1 Introduction. 8.2 Plume Physics. 8.3 Plume Models. 8.4 Spacecraft Interactions. 8.5 Interactions with Payloads. References. Problems. Chapter 9: Flight Ion and Hall Thrusters. 9.1 Introduction. 9.2 Ion Thrusters. 9.3 Hall Thrusters. References. Appendices. A: Nomenclature. B: Gas Flow Unit Conversions and Cathode Pressure Estimates. C: Energy Loss by Electrons. D: Ionization and Excitation Cross Sections for Xenon. E: Ionization and Excitation Reaction Rates for Xenon in Maxwellian Plasmas. F: Electron Relaxation and Thermalization Times. G: Clausing Factor Monte Carlo Calculation. Index..read more
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Journal ArticleDOI
The 2012 Plasma Roadmap
Seiji Samukawa,Masaru Hori,Shahid Rauf,Kunihide Tachibana,Peter Bruggeman,Gerrit Kroesen,J. Christopher Whitehead,Anthony B. Murphy,Alexander Gutsol,Svetlana Starikovskaia,Uwe Kortshagen,Jean-Pierre Boeuf,Timothy John Sommerer,Mark J. Kushner,Uwe Czarnetzki,Nigel J. Mason +15 more
TL;DR: The 2012 plasma road map as mentioned in this paper provides guidance to the field by reviewing the major challenges of low-temperature plasma physics and their many sub-fields, as well as a review of the current state of the art in the field.
Journal ArticleDOI
Electric propulsion for satellites and spacecraft: established technologies and novel approaches
TL;DR: A short review of electric propulsion technologies for satellites and spacecraft can be found in this paper, where momentum conservation and the ideal rocket equation, specific impulse and thrust, figures of merit and a comparison with chemical propulsion are discussed.
Journal ArticleDOI
Tutorial: Physics and modeling of Hall thrusters
TL;DR: Hall thrusters as discussed by the authors are very efficient and competitive electric propulsion devices for satellites and are currently in use in a number of telecommunications and government spacecraft, with specific impulse values between 1000 and 3000's.
Journal ArticleDOI
Plasmas for spacecraft propulsion
TL;DR: A review of plasma discharges applied to electric spacecraft propulsion can be found in this article, where the authors briefly report on the mature and flown technologies of gridded ion thrusters and Hall thrusters before exploring the recent yet immature technology of plasma thrusters based on expansion from low pressure high density inductively coupled and wave-excited plasma sources.
Journal ArticleDOI
Space micropropulsion systems for Cubesats and small satellites: from proximate targets to furthermost frontiers
Igor Levchenko,Igor Levchenko,Kateryna Bazaka,Yongjie Ding,Yevgeny Raitses,Stéphane Mazouffre,Torsten Henning,Peter J. Klar,Shunjiro Shinohara,Jochen Schein,Laurent Garrigues,Minkwan Kim,Dan R. Lev,Francesco Taccogna,Rod Boswell,Christine Charles,Hiroyuki Koizumi,Yan Shen,Carsten Scharlemann,Michael Keidar,Shuyan Xu +20 more
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors highlight the most promising developments reported at the 2017 International Workshop on Micropropulsion and Cubesats (MPCS-2017) by leading world-reputed experts in miniaturized space propulsion systems.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI
A 2dvEv- bit distributed algorithm for the directed Euler trail problem
Wen-Huei Chen,Chuan Yi Tang +1 more
TL;DR: The algorithm can be used as a building block for solving other distributed graph problems, and can be slightly modified to run on a strongly-connected diagraph for generating the existent Euler trail or to report that no Euler trails exist.
Book
Principles of Plasma Discharges and Materials Processing
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors introduce the concept of particle and energy balance in discharges and introduce the theory of collision dynamics and wave-heated discharges, as well as chemical reactions and equilibrium.
Book
Reviews of Plasma Physics
TL;DR: In this article, Rozhansky et al. studied the relationship between transverse conductivity and the generation of self-consistent electric fields in strongly ionized magnetized plasma.
Book
Introduction to Plasma Physics and Controlled Fusion
TL;DR: In this article, the authors presented a three-hour final exam on the theory of wave motion in a cold uniform plasma and showed that it can be viewed as a form of particle motion.