Journal ArticleDOI
Genetic basis of ion exclusion in salinity stressed wheat: implications in improving crop yield
Muhammad Naeem,Muhammad Iqbal,Amir Shakeel,Sami Ul-Allah,Manzoor Hussain,Abdur Rehman,Zafar Ullah Zafar,Habib-ur-Rehman Athar,Muhammad Ashraf +8 more
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TLDR
This review examines up to what extent marker assisted breeding using these ion exclusion sources will help improve crop salt tolerance in wheat, thereby reducing global food security threat.Abstract:
Productivity of food crops like wheat, a staple food of major portion of the world, is hampered due to salinity stress, thereby threatening food security. With the advancements in plant physiology and molecular biology based techniques, a number of structural and regulatory genes (transcription factors, miRNA, siRNA etc.) have been identified that contribute to inducing salinity tolerance responses. Location of these salt tolerant genes or genetic loci on specific chromosomes has also been partially characterized through QTL mapping. This information helps in efficient transfer of these genes into other crop cultivars through molecular breeding tools. Although plant salt tolerance mechanisms include osmotic adjustment, ion exclusion, ion inclusion, efficient antioxidant system, hormonal signaling etc., ion exclusion has long been recognized as central to salinity tolerance in wheat. Ion exclusion involves highly coordinated activity of a variety of channels, pumps and antiporters at parenchyma cells in root, stem and leaves associated with xylem. A number of molecular markers have been identified which are associated with ion exclusion or Na+ exclusion. However, some of them are associated with undesirable traits thereby producing lower crop productivity, e.g. Kna1. Thus, it is imperative to assess novel sources of ion exclusion with subsequent characterization before their introgression into other crop cultivars. In this review, recent advancements in identifying novel sources of ion exclusion in wheat have been discussed at length. In addition, up to what extent marker assisted breeding using these ion exclusion sources will help improve crop salt tolerance in wheat, thereby reducing global food security threat. An effective new paradigm is the targeted identification of specific genetic determinants of stress adaptation that have evolved in nature and their precise introgression into elite varieties.read more
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Journal ArticleDOI
Drought Stress Impacts on Plants and Different Approaches to Alleviate Its Adverse Effects.
Mahmoud F. Seleiman,Nasser Al-Suhaibani,Nawab Ali,Mohammad Akmal,Majed A. Alotaibi,Yahya Refay,Turgay Dindaroglu,Hafiz Haleem Abdul-Wajid,Martin Leonardo Battaglia +8 more
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors have discussed the sophisticated adaptation mechanisms and regularity network that improves the water stress tolerance and adaptation in plants, including growth pattern and structural dynamics, reduction in transpiration loss through altering stomatal conductance and distribution, leaf rolling, root-to-shoot ratio dynamics, root length increment, accumulation of compatible solutes, enhancement of transpiration efficiency, osmotic and hormonal regulation, and delayed senescence.
Book ChapterDOI
Critical knowledge gaps and research priorities in global soil salinity
Jan W. Hopmans,Asad Sarwar Qureshi,Isaya Kisekka,Rana Munns,Rana Munns,S.R. Grattan,Pichu Rengasamy,Alon Ben-Gal,Shmuel Assouline,Mathieu Javaux,Paramjit Singh Minhas,P.A.C. Raats,Todd H. Skaggs,G. Wang,Q. de Jong van Lier,H. Jiao,R.S. Lavado,Naftali Lazarovitch,B. Li,E. Taleisnik +19 more
TL;DR: In this article, a scoping review prioritizes critical knowledge gaps and makes recommendations for 10 priorities in soil salinity research toward a sustainable and productive agricultural system for a food-secure future world.
Journal ArticleDOI
Agro-Morphological, Yield and Quality Traits and Interrelationship with Yield Stability in Quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa Willd.) Genotypes under Saline Marginal Environment.
M. Iftikhar Hussain,Adele Muscolo,Mukhtar Ahmed,Mukhtar Ahmed,Muhammad Ahsan Asghar,Abdullah J. Al-Dakheel +5 more
TL;DR: The results indicate that the genotypes Q21 and AMES13761 proved their suitability under sandy desert soils of Dubai, UAE as they exhibited higher seed yield while NSL106398 showed an higher seed protein content.
Journal ArticleDOI
TaASR1-D confers abiotic stress resistance by affecting ROS accumulation and ABA signalling in transgenic wheat.
Ding Qiu,Wei Hu,Yu Zhou,Jie Xiao,Rui Hu,Qiuhui Wei,Yang Zhang,Jialu Feng,Fusheng Sun,Jiutong Sun,Guangxiao Yang,Guangyuan He +11 more
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors characterized all ASR family members in common wheat and constitutively overexpressed TaASR1-D in a commercial hexaploid wheat cultivar Zhengmai 9023.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI
Mechanisms of salinity tolerance
Rana Munns,Mark Tester +1 more
TL;DR: The physiological and molecular mechanisms of tolerance to osmotic and ionic components of salinity stress are reviewed at the cellular, organ, and whole-plant level and the role of the HKT gene family in Na(+) exclusion from leaves is increasing.
Journal ArticleDOI
Comparative physiology of salt and water stress
TL;DR: It is important to avoid treatments that induce cell plasmolysis, and to design experiments that distinguish between tolerance of salt and tolerance of water stress, to understand the processes that give rise toolerance of salt, as distinct from tolerance of osmotic stress.
Journal ArticleDOI
Roles of glycine betaine and proline in improving plant abiotic stress resistance
Muhammad Ashraf,Majid R. Foolad +1 more
TL;DR: In this review article, numerous examples of successful application of these compounds to improve plant stress tolerance are presented and a better understanding of the mechanisms of action of exogenously applied GB and proline is expected to aid their effective utilization in crop production in stress environments.
Journal ArticleDOI
Plant responses to drought, salinity and extreme temperatures: towards genetic engineering for stress tolerance
TL;DR: The present review summarizes the recent advances in elucidating stress-response mechanisms and their biotechnological applications and examines the following aspects: regulatory controls, metabolite engineering, ion transport, antioxidants and detoxification, late embryogenesis abundant (LEA) and heat-shock proteins.