Global land use change, economic globalization, and the looming land scarcity
Eric F. Lambin,Patrick Meyfroidt +1 more
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In this paper, the authors argue that the displacement, rebound, cascade, and remittance effects that are amplified by economic globalization accelerate land conversion, and that sound policies and innovations can reconcile forest preservation with food production.Abstract:
A central challenge for sustainability is how to preserve forest ecosystems and the services that they provide us while enhancing food production. This challenge for developing countries confronts the force of economic globalization, which seeks cropland that is shrinking in availability and triggers deforestation. Four mechanisms—the displacement, rebound, cascade, and remittance effects—that are amplified by economic globalization accelerate land conversion. A few developing countries have managed a land use transition over the recent decades that simultaneously increased their forest cover and agricultural production. These countries have relied on various mixes of agricultural intensification, land use zoning, forest protection, increased reliance on imported food and wood products, the creation of off-farm jobs, foreign capital investments, and remittances. Sound policies and innovations can therefore reconcile forest preservation with food production. Globalization can be harnessed to increase land use efficiency rather than leading to uncontrolled land use expansion. To do so, land systems should be understood and modeled as open systems with large flows of goods, people, and capital that connect local land use with global-scale factors.read more
Citations
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Global environmental inequality: Evidence from embodied land and virtual water trade
TL;DR: In this article, an environmental inequality index based on the world Multi-Regional Input-Output (MRIO) model was constructed, and a case study for land and water resources was performed, showing that most of countries with low per capita land resources are net importers of embodied land, while many countries with extreme water shortages are net exporters of virtual water.
Separación o integración para la conservación de biodiversidad: la ideología detrás del debate "land- sharing" frente a "land-sparing"
Ivette Perfecto,John Vandermeer +1 more
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors argue that the best strategy to avoid the loss of biodiversity in fragmented landscapes is to develop diverse agricultural systems that promote migration of organisms between forest fragments.
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Balancing economic and ecological goals
TL;DR: Simulations project that, under scenarios of increased economic growth and the accompanying land use change, critical habitat will further degrade and biodiversity will decline, demonstrating the trade-offs between economic development and ecosystem conservation.
Journal ArticleDOI
Identification and apportionment of the drivers of land use change on a regional scale: Unbiased recursive partitioning-based stochastic model application
Qi Wang,Qingfu Ren,Jianfeng Liu +2 more
TL;DR: A new framework is developed to identify and apportion the important factors responsible for land use change at the regional scale using stochastic models based on unbiased recursive partitioning method embracing the conditional inference tree (CIT) and random forest with a focus on cropland and urban land.
Journal ArticleDOI
Exploring trade-offs between development and conservation outcomes in Northern Cambodia
TL;DR: This paper explored the influences on placement of ELCs and the extent to which they overlap with protected areas, using mixed effect models, and determined the predictors of deforestation in the study area between 2008 and 2013.
References
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Food Security: The Challenge of Feeding 9 Billion People
H Charles J Godfray,John Beddington,I. R. Crute,Lawrence Haddad,David Lawrence,James F. Muir,Jules Pretty,Sherman Robinson,Sandy M Thomas,Camilla Toulmin +9 more
TL;DR: A multifaceted and linked global strategy is needed to ensure sustainable and equitable food security, different components of which are explored here.
Journal ArticleDOI
Use of U.S. Croplands for Biofuels Increases Greenhouse Gases Through Emissions from Land-Use Change
Tim Searchinger,Ralph E. Heimlich,Richard A. Houghton,Fengxia Dong,Amani Elobeid,Jacinto F. Fabiosa,Simla Tokgoz,Dermot J. Hayes,Tun-Hsiang Yu +8 more
TL;DR: This article found that corn-based ethanol, instead of producing a 20% savings, nearly doubled greenhouse emissions over 30 years and increased greenhouse gases for 167 years, by using a worldwide agricultural model to estimate emissions from land-use change.
Journal ArticleDOI
Proximate causes and underlying driving forces of tropical deforestation.
Helmut Geist,Eric F. Lambin +1 more
TL;DR: Tropical deforestation is driven by identifiable regional patterns of causal factor synergies, of which the most prominent are economic factors, institutions, national policies, and remote influences driving agricultural expansion, wood extraction, and infrastructure extension (at the proximate level).
Journal ArticleDOI
Global food security under climate change
TL;DR: It is found that of the four main elements of food security, i.e., availability, stability, utilization, and access, only the first is routinely addressed in simulation studies, indicating the potential for further negative impacts beyond those currently assessed with models.
Journal ArticleDOI
Farming and the Fate of Wild Nature
Rhys E. Green,Rhys E. Green,Stephen J. Cornell,Stephen J. Cornell,Jörn P. W. Scharlemann,Jörn P. W. Scharlemann,Andrew Balmford,Andrew Balmford +7 more
TL;DR: It is shown that the best type of farming for species persistence depends on the demand for agricultural products and on how the population densities of different species on farmland change with agricultural yield, and that high-yield farming may allow more species to persist.
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