High-Resolution, Lightweight, and Low-cost X-Ray Optics for the Lynx Observatory
William W. Zhang,Kim D. Allgood,Michael P. Biskach,Kai-Wing Chan,Michal Hlinka,John D. Kearney,James R. Mazzarella,Ryan S. McClelland,Ai Numata,Raul E. Riveros,Timo T. Saha,Peter M. Solly +11 more
Reads0
Chats0
TLDR
An approach to build an x-ray mirror assembly that can meet Lynx’s requirements of high-angular resolution, large effective area, light weight, short production schedule, and low-production cost is described.Abstract:
We describe an approach to build an x-ray mirror assembly that can meet Lynx’s requirements of high-angular resolution, large effective area, light weight, short production schedule, and low-production cost. Adopting a modular hierarchy, the assembly is composed of 37,492 mirror segments, each of which measures ∼100 mm × 100 mm × 0.5 mm. These segments are integrated into 611 modules, which are individually tested and qualified to meet both science performance and spaceflight environment requirements before they in turn are integrated into 12 metashells. The 12 metashells are then integrated to form the mirror assembly. This approach combines the latest precision polishing technology and the monocrystalline silicon material to fabricate the thin and lightweight mirror segments. Because of the use of commercially available equipment and material and because of its highly modular and hierarchical building-up process, this approach is highly amenable to automation and mass production to maximize production throughput and to minimize production schedule and cost. As of fall 2018, the basic elements of this approach, including substrate fabrication, coating, alignment, and bonding, have been validated by the successful building and testing of single-pair mirror modules. In the next few years, the many steps of the approach will be refined and perfected by repeatedly building and testing mirror modules containing progressively more mirror segments to fully meet science performance, spaceflight environments, as well as programmatic requirements of the Lynx mission and other proposed missions, such as AXIS.read more
Citations
More filters
Journal ArticleDOI
Lynx X-Ray Observatory: an overview
Jessica A. Gaskin,Douglas A. Swartz,Alexey Vikhlinin,Feryal Özel,Karen Gelmis,Jonathan W. Arenberg,Simon R. Bandler,Mark W. Bautz,M. Civitani,A. Domínguez,Megan E. Eckart,A. Falcone,Enectali Figueroa-Feliciano,Mark D. Freeman,Hans Moritz Günther,Keith A. Havey,Ralf K. Heilmann,Kiranmayee Kilaru,Ralph P. Kraft,Kevin S. McCarley,Randall L. McEntaffer,Giovanni Pareschi,William R. Purcell,Paul B. Reid,Mark L. Schattenburg,Daniel A. Schwartz,Eric D. Schwartz,Harvey Tananbaum,Grant R. Tremblay,William W. Zhang,John ZuHone +30 more
TL;DR: The Lynx architecture enables a broad range of unique and compelling science to be carried out mainly through a General Observer Program, envisioned to include detecting the very first seed black holes, revealing the high-energy drivers of galaxy formation and evolution, and characterizing the mechanisms that govern stellar evolution and stellar ecosystems.
Posted Content
The Advanced X-ray Imaging Satellite
Richard F. Mushotzky,James Aird,Amy J. Barger,Nico Cappelluti,George Chartas,Lia Corrales,Rafael T. Eufrasio,Andrew C. Fabian,Abraham D. Falcone,Elena Gallo,Roberto Gilli,Catherine E. Grant,Martin J. Hardcastle,Edmund Hodges-Kluck,Erin Kara,Michael Koss,Hui Li,Carey M. Lisse,Michael Loewenstein,Maxim Markevitch,Eileen T. Meyer,Eric D. Miller,John S. Mulchaey,Robert Petre,A. Ptak,Christopher S. Reynolds,Helen Russell,Samar Safi-Harb,Randall K. Smith,Bradford Snios,Francesco Tombesi,Lynne Valencic,Stephen Walker,Brian J. Williams,Lisa M. Winter,Hiroya Yamaguchi,William W. Zhang,Jon Arenberg,Niel Brandt,David N. Burrows,Markos Georganopoulos,Jon M. Miller,Colin Norman,Piero Rosati +43 more
TL;DR: The Advanced X-ray Imaging Satellite (AXIS) as mentioned in this paper is a probe-class mission that is a major improvement over Chandra, which has generated a steady stream of important discoveries for the past 2 decades.
Next Generation X-Ray Optics: High-Resolution, Light-Weight, and Low-Cost
TL;DR: In this article, the authors describe a comprehensive program to advance the technology for x-ray telescopes well beyond the state of the art represented by the three currently operating missions: Chandra, XMM-Newton, and Suzaku.
Proceedings ArticleDOI
Progress in x-ray critical-angle transmission grating technology development
TL;DR: In this article, the critical-angle transmission (CAT) grating technology has been proposed for soft x-ray spectroscopy, which combines the advantages of traditional transmission gratings and blazed reflection gratings (high diffraction efficiency, high resolving power R due to blazing into high orders).
Journal ArticleDOI
Design and Fabrication Technology of Metal Mirrors Based on Additive Manufacturing: A Review
TL;DR: In this paper, a review of AM technologies and powder materials for metal mirrors, recent advances in optomechanical design methods for AM metal mirror, challenges faced by AM metal mirrors in fabricating, and future trends in AM metal metal mirrors.
References
More filters
Journal ArticleDOI
The X-Ray Telescope onboard Suzaku
Peter J. Serlemitsos,Yang Soong,Kai-Wing Chan,Takashi Okajima,John P. Lehan,Yoshitomo Maeda,Kei Itoh,Hideyuki Mori,Ryo Iizuka,Akiharu Itoh,H. Inoue,Shunsaku Okada,Yushi Yokoyama,Yurni Itoh,Masatoshi Ebara,Ryoko Nakamura,Kensuke Suzuki,Manabu Ishida,Akira Hayakawa,Chiaki Inoue,Satoshi Okuma,Ren Kubota,Masaki Suzuki,Takeyuki Osawa,Koujun Yamashita,Hideyo Kunieda,Yuzuru Tawara,Yasushi Ogasaka,Akihiro Furuzawa,Keisuke Tamura,Ryo Shibata,Yoshito Haba,Masataka Naitou,Kazutami Misaki +33 more
TL;DR: In this article, the design parameters, production process, and in-flight performance of the X-ray telescopes (XRTs) onboard Suzaku were presented. And the optical axes were found to be distributed within a radius of 1. 0 8 −2.
Journal ArticleDOI
A “telescope” for soft X‐ray astronomy
Riccardo Giacconi,Bruno Rossi +1 more
TL;DR: In this article, the authors describe the design of an X-ray "telescope" and analyze some of its characteristics, including the characteristics of the parabolic mirror, which can be used to observe soft X rays from extraterrestrial sources.
Journal ArticleDOI
Design, construction, and performance of the ROSAT high-resolution x-ray mirror assembly
TL;DR: A grazing incidence telescope has been developed for the x-ray astronomy satellite ROSAT including a verification model and a flight model that indicates an even better performance.
Proceedings ArticleDOI
Performance expectation versus reality
Leon P. Van Speybroeck,Diab Jerius,Richard J. Edgar,Terrance J. Gaetz,Ping Zhao,Paul B. Reid +5 more
TL;DR: The AXAF high resolution mirror assembly (HRMA) is complete and has been tested at the NASA Marshall Space Flight Center (MSFC) X-ray Calibration Facility (XRCF) as mentioned in this paper.
Proceedings ArticleDOI
Fabrication of the NuSTAR flight optics
William W. Craig,Hongjun An,Kenneth L. Blaedel,Finn Erland Christensen,Todd A. Decker,Anne Fabricant,Jeff Gum,Charles J. Hailey,Layton Hale,Carsten B. Jensen,Jason E. Koglin,Kaya Mori,Melanie Nynka,Michael J. Pivovaroff,Marton V. Sharpe,Marcela Stern,Gordon Tajiri,William W. Zhang +17 more
TL;DR: The NuSTAR flight optics modules are glass-graphite-epoxy-composite structures to be employed for the first time in space-based X-ray optics by NuSTAR, a NASA Small Penetrator Space Explorer schedule for launch in February 2012.
Related Papers (5)
Lynx X-Ray Observatory: an overview
Jessica A. Gaskin,Douglas A. Swartz,Alexey Vikhlinin,Feryal Özel,Karen Gelmis,Jonathan W. Arenberg,Simon R. Bandler,Mark W. Bautz,M. Civitani,A. Domínguez,Megan E. Eckart,A. Falcone,Enectali Figueroa-Feliciano,Mark D. Freeman,Hans Moritz Günther,Keith A. Havey,Ralf K. Heilmann,Kiranmayee Kilaru,Ralph P. Kraft,Kevin S. McCarley,Randall L. McEntaffer,Giovanni Pareschi,William R. Purcell,Paul B. Reid,Mark L. Schattenburg,Daniel A. Schwartz,Eric D. Schwartz,Harvey Tananbaum,Grant R. Tremblay,William W. Zhang,John ZuHone +30 more