Human aldehyde dehydrogenase. cDNA cloning and primary structure of the enzyme that catalyzes dehydrogenation of 4-aminobutyraldehyde.
Gloria Kurys,Pritesh C. Shah,Alexandra Kikonyogo,Donna M. Reed,Wojciech Ambroziak,Regina Pietruszko +5 more
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TLDR
The human low Km aldehyde dehydrogenases, E1, E2 and E3, share many common catalytic features as mentioned in this paper, such as NAD as coenzyme, broad substrate specificity, low micro-molar Km values for short chain aliphatic aldehydes, and similar km values and maximal velocities with substrates such as imidazole acetaldehyde and the metabolites of monoamines like serotonin, dopamine and norepinephrine.Abstract:
The human “low Km” aldehyde dehydrogenases, E1, E2 and E3 share many common catalytic features. These include NAD as coenzyme, broad substrate specificity, low micro-molar Km values for short chain aliphatic aldehydes, and similar Km values and maximal velocities with substrates such as imidazole acetaldehyde and the metabolites of monoamines like serotonin, dopamine and norepinephrine (Ambroziak and Pietruszko, 1991). All three isozymes also catalyze the dehydrogenation of aminoaldehydes; however, the Km values of the E3 isozyme for these compounds are considerably lower (5 μM for γ-aminobutyraldehyde, Ambroziak and Pietruszko, 1991) than those of E1 and E2 isozymes (Km values for γ-aminobutyraldehyde, 800 μM and 500 μM, respectively, Ambroziak and Pietruszko, 1987). Work on enzymes like E1 and E2 from other species has demonstrated that both El-like (class 1) and E2-like (class 2) enzymes can catalyze the dehydrogenation of retinal to retinoic acid (Chen et al., 1994). There is good evidence for the involvement of the class 1 enzyme in mammalian eye development (McCaffery et al., 1991; Godbout et al., 1996). This enzyme may also be involved in prostaglandin metabolism (Westlund et al., 1994).read more
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Carnitine biosynthesis in mammals.
TL;DR: This review aims to cover the current knowledge of the enzymological, molecular, metabolic and regulatory aspects of mammalian carnitine biosynthesis, with an emphasis on the human and rat.
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Overview of the role of alcohol dehydrogenase and aldehyde dehydrogenase and their variants in the genesis of alcohol-related pathology
TL;DR: The strongest correlations found to date have been those between the ALDH2*2 allele and cancers of the oro-pharynx and oesophagus, and it will be important to replicate other interesting associations between these variants and other cancers and heart disease, and to determine the biochemical mechanisms underlying the associations.
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Molecular cloning of the mature NAD(+)-dependent succinic semialdehyde dehydrogenase from rat and human. cDNA isolation, evolutionary homology, and tissue expression.
Ken L. Chambliss,Deborah L. Caudle,Debra D. Hinson,Carolyn R. Moomaw,Clive A. Slaughter,Cornelis Jakobs,K. Michael Gibson +6 more
TL;DR: Three rat brain cDNA clones encoding succinic semialdehyde dehydrogenase (SSADH) were isolated from two cDNA libraries using a polymerase chain reaction derived probe and revealed that the 3.5-kilobase clone contained an 84-base pair (28 amino acid) insert in the coding region.
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Molecular and biochemical characterization of rat gamma-trimethylaminobutyraldehyde dehydrogenase and evidence for the involvement of human aldehyde dehydrogenase 9 in carnitine biosynthesis.
TL;DR: Comparison of the enzymatic characteristics of the heterologously expressed human and rat dehydrogenases with those of purified rat liver trimethylaminobutyraldehyde dehydrogenase revealed that the three enzymes have highly similar substrate specificities.
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Mouse Microsomal Class 3 Aldehyde Dehydrogenase: AHD3 cDNA Sequence, Inducibility by Dioxin and Clofibrate, and Genetic Mapping
TL;DR: Mouse AHD3 mRNA levels are increased by dioxin in mouse Hepa-1c1c7 hepatoma wild-type (wt) cells but not in the Ah receptor nuclear translocator (ARNT)-defective (c4) mutant line, indicating that the induction process is mediated by the Ah (aromatic hydrocarbon)dioxin-binding receptor.
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