Immunity to Enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli
Myron M. Levine,David R. Nalin,David L. Hoover,Erick J. Bergquist,Richard B. Hornick,C R Young +5 more
Reads0
Chats0
TLDR
These studies demonstrate that prior disease due to enterotoxigenic E. coli confers homologous immunity against subsequent challenge, and the operative mechanism apparently is not bactericidal and is not mediated by serum anti-O antibodies.Abstract:
Enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli strains represent the most frequent etiological agent of travelers diarrhea. Challenge studies with several of these strains were undertaken in volunteers to evaluate the mechanisms of disease-induced immunity. Seventeen students and other community volunteers were given 106 or 108 organisms of E. coli B7A (O148:H28), which produces heat-labile and heat-stable enterotoxins. Ten individuals developed diarrheal illness closely resembling natural travelers diarrhea; of these ten, rises in titer of serum antitoxin and anti-O antibody occurred in eight (80%). Eight of the volunteers who developed diarrhea in the first test agreed to undergo rechallenge 9 weeks later with 108 B7A organisms. Only one of these eight “veterans” developed diarrhea versus seven of twelve controls given the same challenge (P = 0.05). Despite clinical protection, all “veterans” excreted B7A after rechallenge. Four controls who developed diarrhea during the homologous B7A rechallenge test were rechallenged 9 weeks later with 109 organisms of E. coli strain E2528-C1 (O25:H-), which produces only heat-labile enterotoxin and possesses a different O, H, and pili antigen composition than B7A. Three of four “veterans” and two of six controls developed comparable diarrhea. These studies demonstrate that prior disease due to enterotoxigenic E. coli confers homologous immunity against subsequent challenge, and the operative mechanism apparently is not bactericidal and is not mediated by serum anti-O antibodies. Heterologous protection was not conferred where the only common antigen was heat-labile enterotoxin, indicating that serum infection-derived antitoxin to heat-labile enterotoxin also is not protective.read more
Citations
More filters
Journal ArticleDOI
Recent Advances in Understanding Enteric Pathogenic Escherichia coli
Matthew A. Croxen,Robyn J. Law,Roland Scholz,Kristie M. Keeney,Marta Wlodarska,B. Brett Finlay +5 more
TL;DR: A comprehensive review highlights recent advances in understanding of the intestinal pathotypes of E. coli, which carry an enormous potential to cause disease and continue to present challenges to human health.
Journal ArticleDOI
Enterotoxigenic escherichia coli in developing countries: epidemiology, microbiology, clinical features, treatment, and prevention
TL;DR: The pathogenesis of ETEC-induced diarrhea is similar to that of cholera and includes the production of enterotoxins and colonization factors, and clinical symptoms can range from mild diarrhea to a severe choline-like syndrome.
Journal ArticleDOI
The Pangenome Structure of Escherichia coli: Comparative Genomic Analysis of E. coli Commensal and Pathogenic Isolates
David A. Rasko,M. J. Rosovitz,Garry S. A. Myers,Emmanuel F. Mongodin,W. Florian Fricke,Pawel Gajer,Jonathan Crabtree,Mohammed Sebaihia,Nicholas R. Thomson,Roy R. Chaudhuri,Ian R. Henderson,Vanessa Sperandio,Jacques Ravel +12 more
TL;DR: Pangenomic calculations indicate that E. coli genomic diversity represents an open pangenome model containing a reservoir of more than 13,000 genes, many of which may be uncharacterized but important virulence factors, which should provide the basis for future functional work on this important group of pathogens.
Journal ArticleDOI
Escherichia coli strains that cause diarrhœa but do not produce heat-labile or heat-stable enterotoxins and are non-invasive
Myron M. Levine,David R. Nalin,Richard B. Hornick,ErickJ. Bergquist,DanielH. Waterman,CharlesR. Young,Steven B. Sotman,Bernard Rowe +7 more
TL;DR: Three enteropathogenic Escherichia coli strains isolated from outbreaks of infantile diarrhoea and one strain from the "normal" colonic flora of a healthy adult and fed in doses of 10(6), 10(8), and 10(10) organisms in NaHCO3 to adult volunteers gave negative results in sensitive tests for heat-labile (L.T.T.) enterotoxin, invasiveness, and gross fluid accumulation.
Journal ArticleDOI
New knowledge on pathogenesis of bacterial enteric infections as applied to vaccine development.
TL;DR: A review of available information leads to the conclusion that an oral vaccine consisting of a combination of antigens, intending to stimulate both antibacterial and antitoxic immunity, would be most likely to succeed.
References
More filters
Journal ArticleDOI
Plasmid-controlled colonization factor associated with virulence in Esherichia coli enterotoxigenic for humans.
TL;DR: It was demonstrated that E. coli H-10407, but not H10407-, possessed pilus-like surface structures which agglutinated with the specific adsorbed (anti-colonization factor) antiserum, which may play an important and possibly essential role in naturally occurring E coli enterotoxic diarrhea in man.
Journal ArticleDOI
Adherence of Escherichia coli to human mucosal cells mediated by mannose receptors
TL;DR: Data is presented indicating that attachment of Escherichia coli to epithelial cells is mediated by mannose (orMannose-like) receptors present on the surface of the latter, indicating an important step in the infectious process.
Journal ArticleDOI
Escherichia coli strains that cause diarrhœa but do not produce heat-labile or heat-stable enterotoxins and are non-invasive
Myron M. Levine,David R. Nalin,Richard B. Hornick,ErickJ. Bergquist,DanielH. Waterman,CharlesR. Young,Steven B. Sotman,Bernard Rowe +7 more
TL;DR: Three enteropathogenic Escherichia coli strains isolated from outbreaks of infantile diarrhoea and one strain from the "normal" colonic flora of a healthy adult and fed in doses of 10(6), 10(8), and 10(10) organisms in NaHCO3 to adult volunteers gave negative results in sensitive tests for heat-labile (L.T.T.) enterotoxin, invasiveness, and gross fluid accumulation.
Journal ArticleDOI
Pathogenesis of Escherichia coli diarrhea.
Herbert L. DuPont,Samuel B. Formal,Richard B. Hornick,Merrill J. Snyder,Joseph P. Libonati,Daniel G. Sheahan,E. H. LaBrec,John P. Kalas +7 more
TL;DR: Two Escherichia coli strains isolated in Vietnam from American soldiers with diarrhea and acute "colitis" were examined for virulence in both in vitro and in vivo experimental models.
Journal ArticleDOI
Hemagglutination of Human Group A Erythrocytes by Enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli Isolated from Adults with Diarrhea: Correlation with Colonization Factor
TL;DR: The mannose-resistant hemagglutinin of ETEC was found to possess many characteristics previously associated with CFA, which is a surface-associated fimbriate heatlabile antigen, and the functionally and morphologically similar K88 and K99 antigens of animal-specific ETEC.
Related Papers (5)
Colonization factors of human enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC)
Wim Gaastra,Ann-Mari Svennerholm +1 more