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Improved Axillary Evaluation Following Neoadjuvant Therapy for Patients With Node-Positive Breast Cancer Using Selective Evaluation of Clipped Nodes: Implementation of Targeted Axillary Dissection

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TLDR
Marking nodes with biopsy-confirmed metastatic disease allows for selective removal and improves pathologic evaluation for residual nodal disease after chemotherapy, as determined in patients undergoing complete axillary lymphadenectomy.
Abstract
PurposePlacing clips in nodes with biopsy-confirmed metastasis before initiating neoadjuvant therapy allows for evaluation of response in breast cancer. Our goal was to determine if pathologic changes in clipped nodes reflect the status of the nodal basin and if targeted axillary dissection (TAD), which includes sentinel lymph node dissection (SLND) and selective localization and removal of clipped nodes, improves the false-negative rate (FNR) compared with SLND alone.MethodsA prospective study of patients with biopsy-confirmed nodal metastases with a clip placed in the sampled node was performed. After neoadjuvant therapy, patients underwent axillary surgery and the pathology of the clipped node was compared with other nodes. Patients undergoing TAD had SLND and selective removal of the clipped node using iodine-125 seed localization. The FNR was determined in patients undergoing complete axillary lymphadenectomy (ALND).ResultsOf 208 patients enrolled in this study, 191 underwent ALND, with residual dise...

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Primary breast cancer: ESMO Clinical Practice Guidelines for diagnosis, treatment and follow-up

TL;DR: This work presents the results of a meta-analysis conducted at the 2016 European Oncology and Radiotherapy Guidelines Working Group (ESMO) workshop on breast cancer diagnosis and prognosis of women with atypical central giant cell granuloma (CGM) who have previously had surgery.
Journal ArticleDOI

Axillary Nodal Management Following Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy: A Review.

TL;DR: Sentinel lymph node biopsy after NAC in patients presenting with clinically negative nodes has an accuracy similar to upfront SLNB and reduces the need for axillary lymph node dissection compared with SLNB prior to NAC, and SLNB is an accurate method of determining nodal status after Nac.
References
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Sentinel-lymph-node biopsy in patients with breast cancer before and after neoadjuvant chemotherapy (SENTINA): a prospective, multicentre cohort study

TL;DR: Sentinel-lymph-node biopsy is a reliable diagnostic method before neoadjuvant chemotherapy and after systemic treatment or early sentinel-allymph- node biopsy, the procedure has a lower detection rate and a higher false-negative rate compared with sentinel
Journal ArticleDOI

Surgical Complications Associated With Sentinel Lymph Node Dissection (SLND) Plus Axillary Lymph Node Dissection Compared With SLND Alone in the American College of Surgeons Oncology Group Trial Z0011

TL;DR: Complications associated with SLN dissection (SLND) plus ALND, versus SLND alone resulted in more wound infections, axillary seromas, and paresthesias thanSLND alone, and the use of SLNDalone resulted in fewer complications.
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