Is the expansion of the universe accelerating? All signs point to yes
TLDR
In this paper, the authors used the Joint Light-curve Analysis (JLA) supernova sample to study the acceleration of supernovae in a flat universe and showed that acceleration is quite secure.Abstract:
The accelerating expansion of the universe is one of the most profound discoveries in modern cosmology, pointing to a universe in which 70% of the mass-energy density has an unknown form spread uniformly across the universe This result has been well established using a combination of cosmological probes (eg, Planck Collaboration et al 2016), resulting in a "standard model" of modern cosmology that is a combination of a cosmological constant with cold dark matter and baryons The first compelling evidence for the acceleration came in the late 1990's, when two independent teams studying type Ia supernovae discovered that distant SNe Ia were dimmer than expected The combined analysis of modern cosmology experiments, including SNe Ia, the Hubble constant, baryon acoustic oscillations, and the cosmic microwave background has now measured the contributions of matter and the cosmological constant to the energy density of the universe to better than 001, providing a secure measurement of acceleration A recent study (Trost Nielsen et al 2015) has claimed that the evidence for acceleration from SNe Ia is "marginal" Here we demonstrate errors in that analysis which reduce the acceleration significance from SNe Ia, and further demonstrate that conservative constraints on the curvature or matter density of the universe increase the significance even more Analyzing the Joint Light-curve Analysis supernova sample, we find 42{\sigma} evidence for acceleration with SNe Ia alone, and 112{\sigma} in a flat universe With our improved supernova analysis and by not rejecting all other cosmological constraints, we find that acceleration is quite secureread more
Citations
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Journal ArticleDOI
The Complete Light-curve Sample of Spectroscopically Confirmed SNe Ia from Pan-STARRS1 and Cosmological Constraints from the Combined Pantheon Sample
Daniel Scolnic,David O. Jones,Armin Rest,Armin Rest,Yen-Chen Pan,Ryan Chornock,Ryan J. Foley,M. E. Huber,Richard Kessler,Gautham Narayan,Adam G. Riess,Adam G. Riess,Steven A. Rodney,Edo Berger,D. Brout,Peter Challis,Maria R. Drout,Douglas P. Finkbeiner,Ragnhild Lunnan,Robert P. Kirshner,N. E. Sanders,Edward F. Schlafly,Stephen J. Smartt,Christopher W. Stubbs,John L. Tonry,W. M. Wood-Vasey,Michael Foley,J. Hand,Elizabeth N. Johnson,W. S. Burgett,K. C. Chambers,Peter W. Draper,Klaus W. Hodapp,Nick Kaiser,R. P. Kudritzki,E. A. Magnier,Nigel Metcalfe,F. Bresolin,E. E. E. Gall,Rubina Kotak,M. McCrum,K. W. Smith +41 more
TL;DR: Scolnic et al. as discussed by the authors presented optical light curves, redshifts, and classifications for 365 spectroscopically confirmed Type Ia supernovae (SNe Ia) discovered by the Pan-STARRS1 (PS1) Medium Deep Survey.
Journal ArticleDOI
Baryon acoustic oscillations from the complete SDSS-III Ly α -quasar cross-correlation function at z = 2.4
Hélion du Mas des Bourboux,Jean Marc Le Goff,Michael Blomqvist,Nicolás G. Busca,Julien Guy,J. Rich,Christophe Yèche,Christophe Yèche,Julian E. Bautista,Etienne Burtin,Kyle S. Dawson,Daniel J. Eisenstein,Andreu Font-Ribera,Andreu Font-Ribera,D. Kirkby,Jordi Miralda-Escudé,P. Noterdaeme,Nathalie Palanque-Delabrouille,Isabelle Pâris,Patrick Petitjean,Ignasi Pérez-Ràfols,Matthew M. Pieri,Nicholas P. Ross,David J. Schlegel,Donald P. Schneider,Anz E. Slosar,David H. Weinberg,Pauline Zarrouk +27 more
TL;DR: In this article, a measurement of baryon acoustic oscillations (BAO) in the cross-correlation of quasars with the Lyα-forest flux transmission at a mean redshift of z = 2.40 is presented.
Journal ArticleDOI
Limits on Stellar-Mass Compact Objects as Dark Matter from Gravitational Lensing of Type Ia Supernovae
TL;DR: Borders on the abundance of compact objects from gravitational lensing of type Ia supernovae (SNe) constrain early-Universe models that predict stellar-mass PBH production and strengthen the case for lighter forms of DM, including new elementary particles.
References
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Measurements of Omega and Lambda from 42 High-Redshift Supernovae
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TL;DR: In this paper, the mass density, Omega_M, and cosmological-constant energy density of the universe were measured by the analysis of 42 Type Ia supernovae discovered by the Supernova Cosmology Project.
Journal ArticleDOI
Inference from Iterative Simulation Using Multiple Sequences
Andrew Gelman,Donald B. Rubin +1 more
TL;DR: The focus is on applied inference for Bayesian posterior distributions in real problems, which often tend toward normal- ity after transformations and marginalization, and the results are derived as normal-theory approximations to exact Bayesian inference, conditional on the observed simulations.
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