Multilocus Sequence Typing System for Campylobacter jejuni
Kate E. Dingle,Frances M. Colles,David R. A. Wareing,Roisin Ure,Andrew J. Fox,F. E. Bolton,H. J. Bootsma,Rob J. L. Willems,Rachel Urwin,Martin C. J. Maiden +9 more
TLDR
A multilocus sequence typing (MLST) system for this organism is described, which exploits the genetic variation present in seven housekeeping loci to determine the genetic relationships among isolates and indicates that C. jejuni is genetically diverse, with a weakly clonal population structure.Abstract:
The gram-negative bacterium Campylobacter jejuni has extensive reservoirs in livestock and the environment and is a frequent cause of gastroenteritis in humans. To date, the lack of (i) methods suitable for population genetic analysis and (ii) a universally accepted nomenclature has hindered studies of the epidemiology and population biology of this organism. Here, a multilocus sequence typing (MLST) system for this organism is described, which exploits the genetic variation present in seven housekeeping loci to determine the genetic relationships among isolates. The MLST system was established using 194 C. jejuni isolates of diverse origins, from humans, animals, and the environment. The allelic profiles, or sequence types (STs), of these isolates were deposited on the Internet (http://mlst.zoo.ox.ac.uk), forming a virtual isolate collection which could be continually expanded. These data indicated that C. jejuni is genetically diverse, with a weakly clonal population structure, and that intra- and interspecies horizontal genetic exchange was common. Of the 155 STs observed, 51 (26% of the isolate collection) were unique, with the remainder of the collection being categorized into 11 lineages or clonal complexes of related STs with between 2 and 56 members. In some cases membership in a given lineage or ST correlated with the possession of a particular Penner HS serotype. Application of this approach to further isolate collections will enable an integrated global picture of C. jejuni epidemiology to be established and will permit more detailed studies of the population genetics of this organism.read more
Citations
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Journal ArticleDOI
eBURST: Inferring Patterns of Evolutionary Descent among Clusters of Related Bacterial Genotypes from Multilocus Sequence Typing Data
TL;DR: A new implementation of eBURST is presented, which divides an MLST data set of any size into groups of related isolates and clonal complexes, predicts the founding (ancestral) genotype of each clonal complex, and computes the bootstrap support for the assignment.
Journal ArticleDOI
Multilocus Sequence Typing of Bacteria
TL;DR: Multilocus sequence typing (MLST) was proposed in 1998 as a portable, universal, and definitive method for characterizing bacteria, using the human pathogen Neisseria meningitidis as an example.
Journal ArticleDOI
Guidelines for the validation and application of typing methods for use in bacterial epidemiology
A. van Belkum,Panayotis T. Tassios,Lenie Dijkshoorn,Sara Hæggman,Barry Cookson,Norman K. Fry,V. Fussing,Jonathan Green,Edward J. Feil,Peter Gerner-Smidt,Sylvain Brisse,Marc Struelens +11 more
TL;DR: Newer and older, phenotypic and genotypic methods for typing of all clinically relevant bacterial species are described according to their principles, advantages and disadvantages and Criteria for their evaluation and application and the interpretation of their results are proposed.
Journal ArticleDOI
Multi-locus sequence typing: a tool for global epidemiology
Rachel Urwin,Martin C. J. Maiden +1 more
TL;DR: Multi-locus sequence typing was proposed as a nucleotide sequence-based approach that could be applied to many bacterial pathogens to provide a portable, reproducible, and scalable typing system that reflected the population and evolutionary biology of bacterial pathogens.
Journal ArticleDOI
Major Structural Differences and Novel Potential Virulence Mechanisms from the Genomes of Multiple Campylobacter Species
Derrick E. Fouts,Emmanuel F. Mongodin,Robert E. Mandrell,William G. Miller,David A. Rasko,Jacques Ravel,Lauren M. Brinkac,Robert T. DeBoy,Craig T. Parker,Sean C. Daugherty,Robert J. Dodson,A. Scott Durkin,Ramana Madupu,Steven A. Sullivan,Jyoti Shetty,Mobolanle A Ayodeji,Alla Shvartsbeyn,Michael C. Schatz,Jonathan H. Badger,Claire M. Fraser,Karen E. Nelson +20 more
TL;DR: Sequencing and comparative genome analysis of four strains of Campylobacter has revealed major structural differences that are associated with the insertion of phage- and plasmid-like genomic islands, as well as major variations in the lipooligosaccharide complex.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI
Multilocus sequence typing: A portable approach to the identification of clones within populations of pathogenic microorganisms
Martin C. J. Maiden,Jane A. Bygraves,Edward J. Feil,Giovanna Morelli,Joanne E. Russell,Rachel Urwin,Qing Zhang,Jiaji Zhou,Kerstin Zurth,Dominique A. Caugant,Ian M. Feavers,Mark Achtman,Brian G. Spratt +12 more
TL;DR: Multilocus sequence typing (MLST), which exploits the unambiguous nature and electronic portability of nucleotide sequence data for the characterization of microorganisms, can be applied to almost all bacterial species and other haploid organisms, including those that are difficult to cultivate.
Journal ArticleDOI
The genome sequence of the food-borne pathogen Campylobacter jejuni reveals hypervariable sequences
Julian Parkhill,Brendan W. Wren,Karen Mungall,Julian M. Ketley,Carol Churcher,D. Basham,Tracey Chillingworth,Robert L. Davies,Theresa Feltwell,S. Holroyd,Kay Jagels,Andrey V. Karlyshev,Sharon Moule,Mark J. Pallen,Charles W. Penn,Michael A. Quail,Marie-Adèle Rajandream,Kim Rutherford,A. H. M. van Vliet,Sally Whitehead,Bart Barrell +20 more
TL;DR: The genome sequence of C. jejuni NCTC11168 is reported, finding short homopolymeric runs of nucleotides were commonly found in genes encoding the biosynthesis or modification of surface structures, or in closely linked genes of unknown function.
Journal ArticleDOI
How clonal are bacteria
TL;DR: Data from multilocus enzyme electrophoresis of bacterial populations were analyzed using a statistical test designed to detect associations between genes at different loci, and found panmictic, epidemic, and clonal population structures.
Journal ArticleDOI
SplitsTree: analyzing and visualizing evolutionary data.
TL;DR: SplitsTree is an interactive program, for analyzing and visualizing evolutionary data, that implements the method of split decomposition, and supports a number of distances transformations, the computation of parsimony splits, spectral analysis and bootstrapping.
Journal ArticleDOI
Methods of multilocus enzyme electrophoresis for bacterial population genetics and systematics
Robert K. Selander,Dominique A. Caugant,Howard Ochman,James M. Musser,Marion N. Gilmour,Thomas S. Whittam +5 more
TL;DR: Methodes d'extraction d'enzymes, d'electrophorese en gel and de coloration specifique des enzymes utilisees pour etudier la variation genetique chez Escherichia coli et d'autres bacteries.
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