Journal ArticleDOI
Nitrous Oxide (N2O): The Dominant Ozone-Depleting Substance Emitted in the 21st Century
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TLDR
In this paper, the ozone depletion potential-weighted anthropogenic emissions of N2O with those of other ozone-depleting substances were compared, and it was shown that N 2O emission currently is the single most important ozone-destroying emission and is expected to remain the largest throughout the 21st century.Abstract:
By comparing the ozone depletion potential-weighted anthropogenic emissions of N2O with those of other ozone-depleting substances, we show that N2O emission currently is the single most important ozone-depleting emission and is expected to remain the largest throughout the 21st century. N2O is unregulated by the Montreal Protocol. Limiting future N2O emissions would enhance the recovery of the ozone layer from its depleted state and would also reduce the anthropogenic forcing of the climate system, representing a win-win for both ozone and climate.read more
Citations
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Journal ArticleDOI
Hot spots for nitrous oxide emissions found in different types of permafrost peatlands
Maija E. Marushchak,A. Pitkämäki,Hannu T. Koponen,Christina Biasi,Matti Seppälä,Pertti J. Martikainen +5 more
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors studied N2O dynamics in two types of subarctic permafrost peatlands, a peat plateau in Russia and three palsa mires in Finland, including also adjacent upland soils.
Journal ArticleDOI
N2O binding at a [4Cu:2S] copper-sulphur cluster in nitrous oxide reductase.
TL;DR: The structure of purple N2OR from Pseudomonas stutzeri is reported, representing the first direct observation of N2O bound to its reductase, and sheds light on the functionality of metalloenzymes that activate inert small-molecule substrates.
Journal ArticleDOI
Characterization of bacterial communities in soil and sediment of a created riverine wetland complex using high-throughput 16S rRNA amplicon sequencing
Teele Ligi,Kristjan Oopkaup,Marika Truu,Jens-Konrad Preem,Hiie Nõlvak,William J. Mitsch,Ülo Mander,Jaak Truu +7 more
TL;DR: Although the species-specific composition of bacterial communities of soils in transitional areas of freshwater marshes and oxbow and between two types of permanently inundated soils was similar, the network analysis revealed different interactions within bacterial communities in these environments.
Journal ArticleDOI
Is nitrogen the next carbon
TL;DR: For example, the anthropogenic production of reactive nitrogen has increased almost fivefold in the last half-century, and this rapid increase in anthropogenic fixed nitrogen has removed any uncertainty on the relative importance of anthropogenic fluxes to the natural budget as mentioned in this paper.
Journal ArticleDOI
Detecting Nitrous Oxide Reductase (nosZ) Genes in Soil Metagenomes: Method Development and Implications for the Nitrogen Cycle
Luis H. Orellana,Luis M. Rodriguez-R,Steven A. Higgins,Joanne C. Chee-Sanford,Robert A. Sanford,Kirsti M. Ritalahti,Kirsti M. Ritalahti,Frank E. Löffler,Frank E. Löffler,Konstantinos T. Konstantinidis +9 more
TL;DR: This study provides a bioinformatics strategy to reliably detect target genes in complex short-read metagenomes and suggests that the analysis of both typical and atypical nosZ sequences is required to understand and predict N2O flux in soils.
References
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Climate change 2007: the physical science basis
Susan Solomon,Dahe Qin,Martin R. Manning,Melinda Marquis,Kristen Averyt,Melinda M.B. Tignor,H. L. Miller,Z. Chen +7 more
TL;DR: The first volume of the IPCC's Fourth Assessment Report as mentioned in this paper was published in 2007 and covers several topics including the extensive range of observations now available for the atmosphere and surface, changes in sea level, assesses the paleoclimatic perspective, climate change causes both natural and anthropogenic, and climate models for projections of global climate.
Book
Special report on emissions scenarios : a special report of Working group III of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change
Nebojsa Nakicenovic,Joseph Alcamo,Ged Davis,B. de Vries,Jørgen Villy Fenhann,S. Gaffin,K. Gregory,Arnulf Grubler,Tae Yong Jung,T. Kram,E. L. La Rovere,Laurie Michaelis,S. Mori,Tsuneyuki Morita,William Pepper,Hugh Pitcher,Lynn Price,Keywan Riahi,A. Roehrl,Hans-Holger Rogner,Alexei Sankovski,Michael E. Schlesinger,P.R. Shukla,Steven J. Smith,Robert Swart,S. van Rooijen,Nadejda M. Victor,Z. Dadi +27 more
TL;DR: IPCC Special Report on Emissions Scenarios as mentioned in this paper provides an overview of the scenario literature and the scenario driving forces, as well as a summary of the discussions and recommendations.
Journal ArticleDOI
The influence of nitrogen oxides on the atmospheric ozone content
TL;DR: In this paper, the probable importance of NO and NO2 in controlling the ozone concentrations and production rates in the stratosphere is pointed out and some processes which may lead to production of nitric acid are discussed.
Climate change 2007: Mitigation. Contribution of Working Group III to the Fourth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change. Summary for Policymakers.
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors present a collection of essays by Terry Barker, Igor Bashmakov, Lenny Bernstein, Jean Bogner, Peter Bosch, Rutu Dave, Ogunlade Davidson, Brian Fisher, Michael Grubb, Sujata Gupta, Kirsten Halsnaes, BertJan Heij, Boubacarraoui, Shigeki Kobayashi, Mark Levine, Daniel Martino, Omar Masera Cerutti, Bert Metz, Leo Meyer, Gert-Jan Nabuurs, Adil Najam