Journal ArticleDOI
Noncoding RNA and colorectal cancer: its epigenetic role
Yoshiaki Kita,Keiichi Yonemori,Yusaku Osako,Kenji Baba,Shinichiro Mori,Kosei Maemura,Shoji Natsugoe +6 more
TLDR
The authors primarily focus on the epigenetic effects modulating ncRNA in colorectal cancer (CRC), and specifically discuss examples of oncogenic nc RNA in CRC pathobiology, as well as its extended diagnosis, prognosis and therapy.Abstract:
The use of novel sequencing and high-throughput techniques has become widespread, and are now readily available to obtain the comprehensive transcription profile of the human genome. Noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs) are transcripts that have no apparent protein-coding capacity, but they have important roles in human physiology. Most research in this area has focused on micro-RNAs. However, the role of long ncRNAs (lncRNAs) as drivers of tumor suppression and oncogenic functions has recently been examined in numerous cancer types. Epigenetic alterations can reportedly deregulate the expression of any type of transcript. However, the exact mechanisms of epigenetic regulation of lncRNA are still unknown. In this review, the authors primarily focus on the epigenetic effects modulating ncRNA in colorectal cancer (CRC). The authors specifically discuss examples of oncogenic ncRNA in CRC pathobiology, as well as its extended diagnosis, prognosis and therapy.read more
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A Large Intergenic Noncoding RNA Induced by p53 Mediates Global Gene Repression in the p53 Response
Maite Huarte,Mitchell Guttman,Mitchell Guttman,David M. Feldser,Manuel Garber,Magdalena J. Koziol,Magdalena J. Koziol,Daniela Kenzelmann-Broz,Ahmad M. Khalil,Ahmad M. Khalil,Or Zuk,Ido Amit,Michal Rabani,Laura D. Attardi,Aviv Regev,Aviv Regev,Eric S. Lander,Eric S. Lander,Eric S. Lander,Tyler Jacks,John L. Rinn,John L. Rinn +21 more
TL;DR: In this paper, the identification of lincRNAs (lincRNA-p21) that serve as a repressor in p53-dependent transcriptional responses was reported, and the observed transcriptional repression was mediated through the physical association with hnRNP-K at repressed genes and regulation of p53 mediates apoptosis.
Journal ArticleDOI
Epigenetics of colorectal cancer: biomarker and therapeutic potential.
TL;DR: This Review outlines these epigenetic aberrations in CRC and their potential as diagnostic, prognostic and predictive biomarkers and therapeutic targets, as well as the role of non-coding RNAs as epigenetic regulators.
Journal ArticleDOI
Impact of the gut microbiome on the genome and epigenome of colon epithelial cells: contributions to colorectal cancer development
TL;DR: The impact of gut microbes on the genome and epigenome of CECs, as it relates to CRC is reviewed to better assess these effects, understand their functional relevance, and leverage this information to improve patient care.
Journal ArticleDOI
Long noncoding RNA BLACAT1 indicates a poor prognosis of colorectal cancer and affects cell proliferation by epigenetically silencing of p15.
Jun Su,Erbao Zhang,Liang Han,Dandan Yin,Zhi-li Liu,Xuezhi He,Yu-hong Zhang,Feng Lin,Qing-Feng Lin,Peiyao Mao,Weidong Mao,Dong Shen +11 more
TL;DR: Mechanistic investigations demonstrated that BLACAT1 had a key role in G1/G0 arrest, and showed that it can repress p15 expression by binding to EZH2, thus contributing to the regulation of CRC cell cycle and proliferation.
Journal ArticleDOI
Comprehensive investigation of a novel differentially expressed lncRNA expression profile signature to assess the survival of patients with colorectal adenocarcinoma
Jiang-Hui Zeng,Liang Liang,Rong-Quan He,Rui-Xue Tang,Xiao-Yong Cai,Jun-Qiang Chen,Dian-Zhong Luo,Gang Chen +7 more
TL;DR: The multivariate Cox regression analyses confirmed that the four-lncRNA signature could function as an independent prognostic indicator for COAD patients, which was largely mirrored in the validating cohort with rectal adenocarcinoma containing 158 cases.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI
A genetic model for colorectal tumorigenesis
Eric R. Fearon,Bert Vogelstein +1 more
TL;DR: A model for the genetic basis of colorectal neoplasia that includes the following salient features is presented, which may be applicable to other common epithelial neoplasms, in which tumors of varying stage are more difficult to study.
Journal ArticleDOI
MicroRNA signatures in human cancers
George A. Calin,Carlo M. Croce +1 more
TL;DR: MiRNA-expression profiling of human tumours has identified signatures associated with diagnosis, staging, progression, prognosis and response to treatment and has been exploited to identify miRNA genes that might represent downstream targets of activated oncogenic pathways, or that target protein-coding genes involved in cancer.
Journal Article
MicroRNA signatures in human cancers
George A. Calin,Carlo M. Croce +1 more
TL;DR: The causes of the widespread differential expression of miRNA genes in malignant compared with normal cells can be explained by the location of these genes in cancer-associated genomic regions, by epigenetic mechanisms and by alterations in the miRNA processing machinery as discussed by the authors.
Journal ArticleDOI
MicroRNAs: small RNAs with a big role in gene regulation
Lin He,Gregory J. Hannon +1 more
TL;DR: Two founding members of the microRNA family were originally identified in Caenorhabditis elegans as genes that were required for the timed regulation of developmental events and indicate the existence of multiple RISCs that carry out related but specific biological functions.
Journal Article
Oncomirs : microRNAs with a role in cancer
TL;DR: I MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are an abundant class of small non-protein-coding RNAs that function as negative gene regulators as discussed by the authors, and have been shown to repress the expression of important cancer-related genes and might prove useful in the diagnosis and treatment of cancer.