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Nonpharmacologic Interventions for Treatment-Resistant Depression in Adults

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TLDR
Patients with two or more prior treatment failures are considered to have treatment-resistant depression (TRD); these TRD patients represent a complex population with a disease that is difficult to manage.
Abstract
Major depressive disorder (MDD) is common and costly. Over the course of a year, between 13.1 million and 14.2 million people will experience MDD. Approximately half of these people seek help for this condition, and only 20 percent of those receive adequate treatment. For those who do initiate treatment for their depression, approximately 50 percent will not adequately respond following acutephase treatment; this refractory group has considerable clinical and research interest. Patients with only one prior treatment failure are sometimes included in this group, but patients with two or more prior treatment failures are a particularly important and poorly understood group and are considered to have treatment-resistant depression (TRD). These TRD patients represent a complex population with a disease that is difficult to manage.

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References
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A Randomized Trial of an N-methyl-D-aspartate Antagonist in Treatment-Resistant Major Depression

TL;DR: Robust and rapid antidepressant effects resulted from a single intravenous dose of an N-methyl-D-aspartate antagonist; onset occurred within 2 hours postinfusion and continued to remain significant for 1 week.
Journal ArticleDOI

Rapid-rate transcranial magnetic stimulation of left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex in drug-resistant depression

TL;DR: It is suggested that rTMS of the left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex might become a safe, non-convulsive alternative to electroconvulsive treatment in depression.
Journal ArticleDOI

Recurrence After Recovery From Major Depressive Disorder During 15 Years of Observational Follow-Up

TL;DR: Female sex, a longer depressive episode before intake, more prior episodes, and never marrying were significant predictors of a recurrence of an affective disorder, but naturalistically applied levels of antidepressant treatment are well below those shown effective in maintenance pharmacotherapy studies.
Journal ArticleDOI

Depression in older adults

TL;DR: This work considers recent systematic reviews, meta-analyses, and randomised controlled trials to consider identification and treatment of depression in older adults, especially as older patients may have different presentations and needs than younger ones.
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Trending Questions (1)
How many depressed patients are resistant to antidepressant medication?

The paper does not provide a specific number for how many depressed patients are resistant to antidepressant medication.