Journal ArticleDOI
Physiology of the neurotrophins
Gary R. Lewin,Yves-Alain Barde +1 more
TLDR
Rapid actions of neurotrophin-3 on synaptic efficacy, as well as the regulation of their mRNAs by electrical activity, suggest that neurotrophins might play important roles in regulating neuronal connectivity in the developing and in the adult central nervous system.Abstract:
The neurotrophins are a small group of dimeric proteins that profoundly affect the development of the nervous system of vertebrates. Recent studies have established clear correlations between the survival requirements for different neurotrophins of functionally distinct subsets of sensory neurons. The biological role of the neurotrophins is not limited to the prevention of programmed cell death of specific groups of neurons during development. Neurotrophin-3 in particular seems to act on neurons well before the period of target innervation and of normally occuning cell death. In animals lacking functional neurotrophin or receptor genes, neuronal numbers do not seem to be massively reduced in the CNS, unlike in the PNS. Finally, rapid actions of neurotrophins on synaptic efficacy, as well as the regulation of their mRNAs by electrical activity, suggest that neurotrophins might play important roles in regulating neuronal connectivity in the developing and in the adult central nervous system.read more
Citations
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Journal ArticleDOI
Neurotrophins: roles in neuronal development and function.
Eric J. Huang,Louis F. Reichardt +1 more
TL;DR: Neurotrophins regulate development, maintenance, and function of vertebrate nervous systems, and control synaptic function and synaptic plasticity, while continuing to modulate neuronal survival.
Journal ArticleDOI
Synaptic Activity and the Construction of Cortical Circuits
Lawrence C. Katz,Carla J. Shatz +1 more
TL;DR: The sequential combination of spontaneously generated and experience-dependent neural activity endows the brain with an ongoing ability to accommodate to dynamically changing inputs during development and throughout life.
Journal ArticleDOI
CREB: a stimulus-induced transcription factor activated by a diverse array of extracellular signals.
TL;DR: The molecular mechanisms by which Ser133-phosphorylated CREB activates transcription, intracellular signaling pathways that lead to phosphorylation ofCREB at Ser133, and features of each signaling pathway that impart specificity at the level of CREB activation are discussed.
Journal ArticleDOI
Neurotrophin-regulated signalling pathways
TL;DR: Three rare human genetic disorders, which result in deleterious effects on sensory perception, cognition and a variety of behaviours, have been shown to be attributable to mutations in brain-derived neurotrophic factor and two of the Trk receptors.
Journal ArticleDOI
Neurotrophins as synaptic modulators
TL;DR: By this account, neurotrophins may participate in activity-dependent synaptic plasticity, linking synaptic activity with long-term functional and structural modification of synaptic connections.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI
Functions of the neurotrophins during nervous system development: What the knockouts are teaching us
TL;DR: It is now apparent that regulation of neuronal function by the recently identified members of the neurotrophin family is far more complex than envisioned on the basis of work with NGF, particularly for neurons in the central nervous system (CNS).
Journal ArticleDOI
Nerve growth factor promotes survival of septal cholinergic neurons after fimbrial transections
TL;DR: It is suggested that fimbrial transections resulted in retrograde degeneration of cholinergic septo-hippocampal neurons and that NGF treatment strongly attenuated this lesion-induced degeneration.
Journal ArticleDOI
GDNF: a potent survival factor for motoneurons present in peripheral nerve and muscle
Christopher E. Henderson,Heidi S. Phillips,Richard A. Pollock,Alun M. Davies,Corinne Lemeulle,Mark Armanini,Lora C. Simpson,Barbara Moffet,Richard Vandlen,Vassilis E. Koliatsos,Arnon Rosenthal +10 more
TL;DR: Glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF), originally identified as a trophic factor specific for dopaminergic neurons, was found to be 75-fold more potent than the neurotrophins in supporting the survival of purified embryonic rat motoneurons in culture and to be a good candidate for treatment of motoneuron disease.
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NT-3, BDNF, and NGF in the developing rat nervous system: parallel as well as reciprocal patterns of expression.
Maisonpierre Peter C,Leonardo Belluscio,Beth Friedman,Ralph F. Alderson,Stanley J. Wiegand,Mark E. Furth,Ronald M. Lindsay,George D. Yancopoulos +7 more
TL;DR: The observations are consistent with the idea that NT-3, BDNF, and NGF have paralleled as well as reciprocal roles in vivo, and do share one striking similarity--high level expression in the adult hippocampus.
Journal ArticleDOI
Identification and characterization of a novel member of the nerve growth factor/brain-derived neurotrophic factor family
TL;DR: Taking advantage of sequence identities between NGF and BDNF, a third member of this family of secretory proteins is identified, which is named neurotrophin-3, and a remarkable number of amino acid identities are revealed, including all cys-teine residues.