PPARγ signaling and metabolism: the good, the bad and the future
Maryam Ahmadian,Jae Myoung Suh,Nasun Hah,Christopher Liddle,Annette R. Atkins,Michael Downes,Ronald M. Evans +6 more
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TLDR
This review highlights key advances in understanding PPARγ signaling in energy homeostasis and metabolic disease and also provides new explanations for adverse events linked to TZD-based therapy.Abstract:
Thiazolidinediones (TZDs) are potent insulin sensitizers that act through the nuclear receptor peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ (PPARγ) and are highly effective oral medications for type 2 diabetes. However, their unique benefits are shadowed by the risk for fluid retention, weight gain, bone loss and congestive heart failure. This raises the question as to whether it is possible to build a safer generation of PPARγ-specific drugs that evoke fewer side effects while preserving insulin-sensitizing potential. Recent studies that have supported the continuing physiologic and therapeutic relevance of the PPARγ pathway also provide opportunities to develop newer classes of molecules that reduce or eliminate adverse effects. This review highlights key advances in understanding PPARγ signaling in energy homeostasis and metabolic disease and also provides new explanations for adverse events linked to TZD-based therapy.read more
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Morphine enhances LPS-induced macrophage apoptosis through a PPARγ-dependent mechanism
TL;DR: In this article, the effects of morphine on LPS-induced bone marrow-derived macrophage (BMDM) apoptosis and the role of the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR)γ signaling pathway in this process were investigated.
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Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptor gamma negatively regulates liver regeneration after partial hepatectomy via the HGF/c-Met/ERK1/2 pathways
Zhangjun Cheng,Zhangjun Cheng,Lei Liu,Lei Liu,Xue-jun Zhang,Xue-jun Zhang,Miao Lu,Miao Lu,Yang Wang,Yang Wang,Volker Assfalg,Melanie Laschinger,Guido von Figura,Yoshiaki Sunami,Yoshiaki Sunami,Christoph W. Michalski,Christoph W. Michalski,Jörg Kleeff,Jörg Kleeff,Helmut Friess,Daniel Hartmann,Norbert Hüser +21 more
TL;DR: The concept that PPARγ abrogates liver growth and hepatocellular proliferation by inhibition of the HGF/c-Met/ERK1/2 pathways is supported.
Journal ArticleDOI
Itm2a silencing rescues lamin A mediated inhibition of 3T3-L1 adipocyte differentiation
Stephanie J. Davies,James M. Ryan,Patrick B F O'Connor,Elaine Kenny,Derek W. Morris,Pavel V. Baranov,Rosemary O'Connor,Tommie V. McCarthy +7 more
TL;DR: It is demonstrated that Itm2a knockdown is sufficient to rescue the inhibitory effects of lamin A WT and R482W mutant overexpression on 3T3-L1 differentiation and suggests that targeting of Itm 2a or its related pathways, including autophagy, may have potential as a therapy for FPLD2.
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Adipose Tissue Extracellular Matrix Remodeling in Response to Dietary Patterns and Exercise: Molecular Landscape, Mechanistic Insights, and Therapeutic Approaches
Ivo Vieira de Sousa Neto,João Luiz Quagliotti Durigan,Adelino Sanchez Ramos da Silva,Rita de Cássia Marqueti +3 more
TL;DR: This work focused on the physiological processes in the remodeling of adipose tissue fibrosis, along with their relevance to clinical indications, and emphasized understanding how lifestyle can alleviate adipocyte dysfunction.
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Effect of Rosiglitazone on the Risk of Myocardial Infarction and Death from Cardiovascular Causes
Steven E. Nissen,Kathy Wolski +1 more
TL;DR: Patients and providers should consider the potential for serious adverse cardiovascular effects of treatment with rosiglitazone for type 2 diabetes mellitus as well as the availability of outcome data for myocardial infarction and death from cardiovascular causes.
Journal ArticleDOI
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Jürgen M. Lehmann,Linda B. Moore,Tracey Smith-Oliver,William O. Wilkison,Timothy M. Willson,Steven A. Kliewer +5 more
TL;DR: It is reported that thiazolidinediones are potent and selective activators of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ (PPARγ), a member of the nuclear receptor superfamily recently shown to function in adipogenesis, and raised the intriguing possibility that PPARγ is a target for the therapeutic actions of this class of compounds.
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Journal ArticleDOI
A crucial role of angiotensin converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) in SARS coronavirus–induced lung injury
Keiji Kuba,Yumiko Imai,Shuan Rao,Hong Gao,Feng Guo,Bin Guan,Yi Huan,Peng Yang,Yanli Zhang,Wei Deng,Linlin Bao,Binlin Zhang,Guang Liu,Zhong Wang,Mark C. Chappell,Yanxin Liu,Dexian Zheng,Andreas Leibbrandt,Teiji Wada,Arthur S. Slutsky,Depei Liu,Chuan Qin,Chengyu Jiang,Josef M. Penninger +23 more
TL;DR: A molecular explanation why SARS-CoV infections cause severe and often lethal lung failure and suggest a rational therapy for SARS and possibly other respiratory disease viruses is provided.
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