Journal ArticleDOI
Quantitative in vivo magnetic resonance imaging of multiple sclerosis at 7 Tesla with sensitivity to iron.
Kathryn E. Hammond,Meredith Metcalf,Lucas Carvajal,Darin T. Okuda,Radhika Srinivasan,Daniel B. Vigneron,Sarah J. Nelson,Daniel Pelletier +7 more
TLDR
The purpose of this study was to quantify local field shifts in MS and to investigate their relation to disease duration and disability status.Abstract:
Objective
Magnetic resonance imaging at 7 Tesla produces high-resolution gradient-echo phase images of patients with multiple sclerosis (MS) that quantify the local field shifts from iron in the basal ganglia and lesions. Phase imaging is easily integrated into clinical examinations because it is a postprocessing technique and does not require additional scanning. The purpose of this study was to quantify local field shifts in MS and to investigate their relation to disease duration and disability status.
Methods
Thirty-two subjects including 19 patients with MS and 13 age- and sex-matched control subjects were scanned at a spatial resolution of up to 195 × 260μm. Data were postprocessed to produce anatomical quantitative phase images of local field shifts, as well as conventional magnitude images.
Results
The phase images showed an increased local field in the caudate, putamen, and globus pallidus of patients relative to control subjects (p < 0.01). The local field in the caudate was strongly correlated with disease duration (r2 = 0.77; p < 0.001). Phase images showed contrast in 74% of the 403 lesions, increasing the total lesion count by more than 30% and showing distinct peripheral rings and a close association with vasculature.
Interpretation
The increased field in the basal ganglia and correlation with disease duration suggest pathological iron content increases in MS. The peripheral phase rings are consistent with histological data demonstrating iron-rich macrophages at the periphery of a subset of lesions. The clearly defined vessels penetrating MS lesions should increase our ability to detect focal vascular abnormalities specifically related to demyelinating processes. Ann Neurol 2008;64:707–713read more
Citations
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Journal ArticleDOI
Diagnostic criteria for multiple sclerosis: 2010 Revisions to the McDonald criteria
Chris H. Polman,Stephen C. Reingold,Brenda Banwell,Michel Clanet,Jeffrey A. Cohen,Massimo Filippi,Kazuo Fujihara,Eva Havrdova,Michael Hutchinson,Ludwig Kappos,Fred D. Lublin,Xavier Montalban,Paul L. O’Connor,Magnhild Sandberg-Wollheim,Alan J. Thompson,Emmanuelle Waubant,Brian G. Weinshenker,Jerry S. Wolinsky +17 more
TL;DR: These revisions simplify the McDonald Criteria, preserve their diagnostic sensitivity and specificity, address their applicability across populations, and may allow earlier diagnosis and more uniform and widespread use.
Journal ArticleDOI
The role of iron in brain ageing and neurodegenerative disorders
TL;DR: MRI can often identify changes in iron homoeostasis, thus providing a potential diagnostic biomarker of neurodegenerative diseases and an important avenue to reduce iron accumulation is the use of iron chelators that are able to cross the blood-brain barrier, penetrate cells, and reduce excessive iron accumulation, thereby affording neuroprotection.
Journal ArticleDOI
Quantitative susceptibility mapping (QSM): Decoding MRI data for a tissue magnetic biomarker.
Yi Wang,Tian-Yu Liu +1 more
TL;DR: This paper attempts to summarize the basic physical concepts and essential algorithmic steps in QSM, to describe clinical and technical issues under active development, and to provide references, codes, and testing data for readers interested inQSM.
Journal ArticleDOI
MRI criteria for the diagnosis of multiple sclerosis: MAGNIMS consensus guidelines.
Massimo Filippi,Maria A. Rocca,Olga Ciccarelli,Olga Ciccarelli,Nicola De Stefano,Nikos Evangelou,Ludwig Kappos,Alex Rovira,Jaume Sastre-Garriga,Mar Tintoré,Jette L. Frederiksen,Claudio Gasperini,Jacqueline Palace,Daniel S. Reich,Brenda Banwell,Xavier Montalban,Frederik Barkhof +16 more
TL;DR: State-of-the-art MRI findings in patients presenting with a clinically isolated syndrome were discussed in a MAGNIMS workshop, the goal of which was to provide an evidence-based and expert-opinion consensus on diagnostic MRI criteria modifications.
Journal ArticleDOI
Association between pathological and MRI findings in multiple sclerosis
Massimo Filippi,Maria A. Rocca,Frederik Barkhof,Wolfgang Brück,Jacqueline T. Chen,Giancarlo Comi,Gabriele C. DeLuca,Nicola De Stefano,Bradley J. Erickson,Nikos Evangelou,Franz Fazekas,Jeroen J. G. Geurts,Claudia F. Lucchinetti,David Miller,Daniel Pelletier,Bogdan F. Gh. Popescu,Hans Lassmann +16 more
TL;DR: A number of correlative pathological and MRI studies have helped to define in vivo the pathological substrates of MS in focal lesions and normal-appearing white matter, not only in the brain, but also in the spinal cord.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI
Heterogeneity of multiple sclerosis lesions: implications for the pathogenesis of demyelination.
Claudia F. Lucchinetti,Wolfgang Brück,Joseph E. Parisi,Bernd W. Scheithauer,Moses Rodriguez,Hans Lassmann +5 more
TL;DR: At a given time point of the disease, the patterns of demyelination were heterogeneous between patients, but were homogenous within multiple active lesions from the same patient, suggesting that MS may be a disease with heterogeneous pathogenetic mechanisms.
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The role of magnetic susceptibility in magnetic resonance imaging: MRI magnetic compatibility of the first and second kinds
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The immunopathology of multiple sclerosis: An overview
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Journal ArticleDOI
Alterations in the levels of iron, ferritin and other trace metals in Parkinson's disease and other neurodegenerative diseases affecting the basal ganglia.
D. T. Dexter,A. Carayon,F. Javoy-Agid,Yves Agid,F. R. Wells,S. E. Daniel,A. J. Lees,Peter Jenner,C. D. Marsden +8 more
TL;DR: An increase in total iron content appears to be a response to neurodegeneration in affected basal ganglia regions in a number of movement disorders, suggesting an alteration of iron handling in the substantia nigra in PD.
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