Journal ArticleDOI
Reaction pathways for the deoxygenation of vegetable oils and related model compounds.
Robert W. Gosselink,Stefan A. W. Hollak,Shu-Wei Chang,Jacco van Haveren,Krijn P. de Jong,Johannes H. Bitter,Daan S. van Es +6 more
TLDR
It is shown that the type of catalyst has a significant effect on the deoxygenation pathway, that is, group 10 metal catalysts are active in decarbonylation/decarboxylation whereas metal sulfide catalyststs are more selective to hydrode oxygengenation.Abstract:
Vegetable oil-based feeds are regarded as an alternative source for the production of fuels and chemicals. Paraffins and olefins can be produced from these feeds through catalytic deoxygenation. The fundamentals of this process are mostly studied by using model compounds such as fatty acids, fatty acid esters, and specific triglycerides because of their structural similarity to vegetable oils. In this Review we discuss the impact of feedstock, reaction conditions, and nature of the catalyst on the reaction pathways of the deoxygenation of vegetable oils and its derivatives. As such, we conclude on the suitability of model compounds for this reaction. It is shown that the type of catalyst has a significant effect on the deoxygenation pathway, that is, group 10 metal catalysts are active in decarbonylation/decarboxylation whereas metal sulfide catalysts are more selective to hydrodeoxygenation. Deoxygenation studies performed under H2 showed similar pathways for fatty acids, fatty acid esters, triglycerides, and vegetable oils, as mostly deoxygenation occurs indirectly via the formation of fatty acids. Deoxygenation in the absence of H2 results in significant differences in reaction pathways and selectivities depending on the feedstock. Additionally, using unsaturated feedstocks under inert gas results in a high selectivity to undesired reactions such as cracking and the formation of heavies. Therefore, addition of H2 is proposed to be essential for the catalytic deoxygenation of vegetable oil feeds.read more
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Journal ArticleDOI
Conversion of vegetable oils on Pt/Al2O3/SAPO-11 to diesel and jet fuels containing aromatics
Moshe Rabaev,Miron V. Landau,Roxana Vidruk-Nehemya,Viatcheslav Koukouliev,Ruby Zarchin,Moti Herskowitz +5 more
TL;DR: In this paper, a new Pt/Al 2 O 3 /SAPO-11 was used to test six different vegetable oils, fatty acids and C 16 hydrocarbons dissolved in decane.
Journal ArticleDOI
A review on deoxygenation of triglycerides for jet fuel range hydrocarbons
Saima Khan,Andrew Ng Kay Lup,Andrew Ng Kay Lup,Khan Muhammad Qureshi,Khan Muhammad Qureshi,Faisal Abnisa,Wan Mohd Ashri Wan Daud,Muhamad Fazly Abdul Patah +7 more
TL;DR: In this paper, a comprehensive discussion on catalytic deoxygenation of triglycerides (TGs) based vegetable oils in enhancing alternative jet fuel production in all relevant technical aspects is provided.
Journal ArticleDOI
Mo promoted Ni-Al2O3 co-precipitated catalysts for green diesel production
Eleana Kordouli,Bárbara Pawelec,Kyriakos Bourikas,Christos Kordulis,Christos Kordulis,José Luis García Fierro,Alexis Lycourghiotis +6 more
TL;DR: In this paper, three Mo promoted Ni-Al2O3 co-precipitation catalysts with practically the same composition (49-52%wtNi, 6-7%wtMo) were prepared using three different co-processing modes: co-prepitation at room temperature using ammonia as precipitating agent as well as co-compensating at higher temperature using urea or urea as precipiting agent.
Journal ArticleDOI
Hydrotreatment of vegetable oil for green diesel over activated carbon supported molybdenum carbide catalyst
TL;DR: In this paper, the results of XRD, XPS and N2 adsorption-desorption demonstrated that the coke deposited on the surface of catalyst and the formation of MoO2 and MoO3 led to the deactivation.
Journal ArticleDOI
A comprehensive review on biodiesel purification and upgrading
TL;DR: A comprehensive overview on the techniques and methods used for biodiesel purification and upgrading can be found in this article, where the authors classified the purification methods into equilibrium-based, affinitybased, membrane-based and reaction-based processes.
References
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TL;DR: In this paper, the authors present an overview of the currently available information on the different process steps of the production process of bio-diesel from JCL, being cultivation and production of seeds, extraction of the oil, conversion to and the use of the biodiesel and the by-products.
Journal ArticleDOI
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TL;DR: The main factors affecting transesterification are the molar ratio of glycerides to alcohol, catalyst, reaction temperature and pressure, reaction time and the contents of free fatty acids and water in oils as mentioned in this paper.
Journal ArticleDOI
Importance of algae oil as a source of biodiesel
Ayhan Demirbas,M. Fatih Demirbas +1 more
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Journal ArticleDOI
Biodiesel and renewable diesel: A comparison
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors discuss in a general and comparative fashion aspects such as fuel production and energy balance, fuel properties, environmental effects including exhaust emissions and co-products, and what the effect of production scale may be.
Journal ArticleDOI
Heterogeneous Catalytic Deoxygenation of Stearic Acid for Production of Biodiesel
TL;DR: In this article, a novel method for production of diesel-like hydrocarbons via catalytic deoxygenation of fatty acid is discussed, where the model compound stearic acid is deoxgenated to heptadecane.