Selenium supplementation and secondary prevention of nonmelanoma skin cancer in a randomized trial.
Anna J. Duffield-Lillico,Elizabeth H. Slate,Mary E. Reid,Bruce W. Turnbull,Patricia A. Wilkins,Gerald F. Combs,H. Kim Park,Earl G. Gross,Gloria F. Graham,M. Suzanne Stratton,James R. Marshall,Larry C. Clark +11 more
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TLDR
Results from the Nutritional Prevention of Cancer Trial conducted among individuals at high risk of nonmelanoma skin cancer continue to demonstrate that selenium supplementation is ineffective at preventing basal cell carcinoma and that it increases the risk of squamous cell carcinomas and total nonmelanie skin cancer.Abstract:
The Nutritional Prevention of Cancer Trial was a double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled clinical trial designed to test whether selenium as selenized yeast (200 microg daily) could prevent nonmelanoma skin cancer among 1312 patients from the Eastern United States who had previously had this disease. Results from September 15, 1983, through December 31, 1993, showed no association between treatment and the incidence of basal and squamous cell carcinomas of the skin. This report summarizes the entire blinded treatment period, which ended on January 31, 1996. The association between treatment and time to first nonmelanoma skin cancer diagnosis and between treatment and time to multiple skin tumors overall and within subgroups, defined by baseline characteristics, was evaluated. Although results through the entire blinded period continued to show that selenium supplementation was not statistically significantly associated with the risk of basal cell carcinoma (hazard ratio [HR] = 1.09, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.94 to 1.26), selenium supplementation was associated with statistically significantly elevated risk of squamous cell carcinoma (HR = 1.25, 95% CI = 1.03 to 1.51) and of total nonmelanoma skin cancer (HR = 1.17, 95% CI = 1.02 to 1.34). Results from the Nutritional Prevention of Cancer Trial conducted among individuals at high risk of nonmelanoma skin cancer continue to demonstrate that selenium supplementation is ineffective at preventing basal cell carcinoma and that it increases the risk of squamous cell carcinoma and total nonmelanoma skin cancer.read more
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Journal ArticleDOI
Selenium and human health
TL;DR: The crucial factor that needs to be emphasised with regard to the health effects of selenium is the inextricable U-shaped link with status; whereas additional seenium intake may benefit people with low status, those with adequate-to-high status might be affected adversely and should not take selenum supplements.
Journal ArticleDOI
Selenium in human health and disease.
Susan J. Fairweather-Tait,Yongping Bao,Martin R. Broadley,Rachel Collings,Dianne Ford,John E. Hesketh,Rachel Hurst +6 more
TL;DR: The relationships between selenium intake/status and health, or risk of disease, are complex but require elucidation to inform clinical practice, to refine dietary recommendations, and to develop effective public health policies.
Journal ArticleDOI
Selenium in cancer prevention: a review of the evidence and mechanism of action
TL;DR: Current primary and secondary prevention trials of Se are underway in the USA, including the Selenium and Vitamin E Cancer Prevention Trial (SELECT) relating to prostate cancer, although a large European trial is still desirable given the likelihood of a stronger effect in populations of lower Se status.
Journal ArticleDOI
Selenium in food and the human body: A review
TL;DR: The general population should be warned against the employment of Se supplements for prevention of hepatopathies, cardiovascular or cancer diseases, because benefits of Se supplementation are still uncertain, and their indiscriminate use could generate an increased risk of Se toxicity.
Journal ArticleDOI
Food-chain selenium and human health: emphasis on intake.
TL;DR: The present review addresses how Se gets into the food chain, the wide variability in Se content of foods and the very different levels of intake between countries and regions, and the difficulties of balancing the risks and benefits in relation to Se intake.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI
Effects of Selenium Supplementation for Cancer Prevention in Patients With Carcinoma of the Skin: A Randomized Controlled Trial
Larry C. Clark,Gerald F. Combs,Bruce W. Turnbull,Elizabeth H. Slate,Dan K. Chalker,James Chow,Loretta S. Davis,Renee A. Glover,Gloria F. Graham,Earl G. Gross,Arnon Krongrad,Jack L. Lesher,H. Kim Park,Beverly B. Sanders,Cameron L. Smith,J. Richard Taylor +15 more
TL;DR: Results from secondary end-point analyses support the hypothesis that supplemental selenium may reduce the incidence of, and mortality from, carcinomas of several sites and require confirmation in an independent trial of appropriate design before new public health recommendations regarding seenium supplementation can be made.
Journal ArticleDOI
Negative binomial and mixed Poisson regression
TL;DR: In this paper, negative binomial regression models are compared with quasilikelihood methods for dealing with extra-Poisson variation when doing regression analysis of count data and the efficiency and robustness properties of inference procedures based on them are examined.
Journal ArticleDOI
Prevalence of skin cancer in an endemic area of chronic arsenicism in Taiwan
Journal ArticleDOI
Daily sunscreen application and betacarotene supplementation in prevention of basal-cell and squamous-cell carcinomas of the skin: a randomised controlled trial.
Adèle C. Green,Adèle C. Green,Gail M. Williams,Rachel E. Neale,Veronica Hart,David Leslie,Peter G. Parsons,Geoffrey C. Marks,Philip Thomas Gaffney,Diana Battistutta,Christine Frost,Carolyn Lang,Anne Russell +12 more
TL;DR: Cutaneous squamous- cell carcinoma, but not basal-cell carcinoma seems to be amenable to prevention through the routine use of sunscreen by adults for 4.5 years, and there was no beneficial or harmful effect on the rates of either type of skin cancer, as a result of betacarotene supplementation.
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