Sex Differences in Context Fear Generalization and Recruitment of Hippocampus and Amygdala during Retrieval
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TLDR
Sex differences in context fear generalization and its neural correlates are examined, finding that males showed stronger cFos activity in dorsal hippocampus during memory retrieval and context generalization, whereas females showed preferential recruitment of basal amygdala.About:
This article is published in Neuropsychopharmacology.The article was published on 2017-01-01 and is currently open access. It has received 146 citations till now. The article focuses on the topics: Fear processing in the brain & Fear conditioning.read more
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Sex differences in hippocampal cognition and neurogenesis.
Shunya Yagi,Liisa A.M. Galea +1 more
TL;DR: This review discusses sex differences in pattern separation, pattern completion, spatial learning, and links between adult neurogenesis and these cognitive functions of the hippocampus, and emphasizes the importance of including both sexes when studying genomic, cellular, and structural mechanisms of the hippocampal function.
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The neurobiology of fear generalization
TL;DR: To improve the dialog between human and animal studies as well as to accelerate the development of effective therapeutics, the need to examine both sex differences and remote timescales in rodent models is emphasized.
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Sex differences in anxiety and depression: circuits and mechanisms.
TL;DR: For example, Bangasser and Cuarenta as discussed by the authors discuss how, since the inclusion of female subjects, new mechanisms have been identified that underlie vulnerability to these disorders, and that reveal novel targets for treatments.
Journal ArticleDOI
Know safety, no fear.
TL;DR: Mechanisms of suppressing fear responses during stimulus discrimination, fear extinction, and active avoidance are discussed, focusing on the well-studied tripartite circuit consisting of the amygdala, medial prefrontal cortex and hippocampus.
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Sex differences in fear extinction.
TL;DR: An up-to-date summary of animal and human studies in adulthood that report sex differences in fear extinction from a structural and functional approach is reviewed and it is described how these factors could contribute to the observed sex Differences inFear extinction during normal and pathological conditions.
References
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Optogenetic stimulation of a hippocampal engram activates fear memory recall
Xu Liu,Steve Ramirez,Petti T. Pang,Corey B. Puryear,Arvind Govindarajan,Karl Deisseroth,Susumu Tonegawa +6 more
TL;DR: It is shown in mice that optogenetic reactivation of hippocampal neurons activated during fear conditioning is sufficient to induce freezing behaviour, and this findings indicate that activating a sparse but specific ensemble of hippocampusal neurons that contribute to a memory engram is sufficient for the recall of that memory.
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Stimulation of medial prefrontal cortex decreases the responsiveness of central amygdala output neurons.
TL;DR: The findings support the idea that mPFC gates impulse transmission from the BLA to Ce, perhaps through GABAergic intercalated cells, thereby gating the expression of conditioned fear.